Water Chemistry In Fish Farming
VERY IMPORTANCE OF WATER PH METER, TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLID METER (TDS) AND TEMPERATURE METER TO CATFISH FARMING
Catfish 要求する the water they live in to be a 確かな pH level ーするために be healthy. If the pH level is too low or too high, it can make fish sick, even kill them. A low pH means that the water is acidic; a high pH means that the water is alkaline.What is pH?
The 称する，呼ぶ／期間／用語 pH 述べるs how acidic or basic a 実体 is. The H 言及するs to the 量 of hydrogen イオンs and hydroxide イオンs 現在の in a liquid, such as your fish 戦車／タンク water.
The lower 量 of hydrogen イオンs 現在の, the more acidic the 実体.
The higher 量 of hydrogen イオンs, the more basic the 実体.
The pH 規模 is a diagram that 供給するs a visual guide for the different levels of pH.
Pure water has a 中立の pH, or a pH level of 7. Milk has a pH level of 6.
The lower the number on the pH 規模, the higher the 量 of 酸性の the 実体 has.
For instance, lemon juice has a pH of 2 and 殴打／砲列 酸性の has a pH of 1. Levels higher than seven are more basic or alkaline. Baking soda has a pH of 9. Lye, a caustic alkaline 実体 that can give you a 化学製品 燃やす when it touches your 肌, has a pH of 14
Harmful pH Levels
Fish 栄える when the 戦車／タンク water is the same pH as the water 設立する in their natural 環境.
戦車／タンク or fish pond water with a low pH is 高度に acidic and can 燃やす a fish's 肌. 戦車／タンク or pond fish water with a high pH is 高度に basic or alkaline, and can chap or chemically 燃やす a fish's 肌. Young fish are more 極度の慎重さを要する to higher acidic water.
Changing pH Levels
Use a pH fish 戦車／タンク water 実験（する） 道具 to 実験（する） your water. If your fish 戦車／タンク water pH levels are too low, the water is too acidic.
To raise the pH level up to 7 you can 追加する 石灰岩 (calcium carbonate), For water いっそう少なく than pH 6, use 解答 of soda ash (ナトリウム carbonate) or caustic soda (ナトリウム hydroxide) into the pond.
This raises the ナトリウム content of the water. For water between pH 4 and pH 6, use soda ash 料金d this 解答 into the 戦車／タンク at a 率 to raise the pH to 近づく 7.
For water いっそう少なく than pH 4, use caustic soda to the water, aerate the 戦車／タンク water with an 空気／公表する pump to 除去する 超過 炭酸ガス that has formed in the low pH water, or use an alkaline 衝撃を和らげるもの to 中立にする／無効にする the 酸性の and make it a more nuetral pH.
If you live in an area with hard water, or water that has a high pH, lower it by 追加するing an 酸性の 衝撃を和らげるもの, use a water softener or filter the water over peat moss.
中立にする／無効にする alkaline water (greater than pH 7) by feeding diluted イオウの 酸性の in the same manner as soda ash. Use 警告を与える in making 解答s from strong 酸性のs.
Always 追加する 酸性の to water slowly. Never 追加する water to 酸性の: Use gloves and goggles when 準備するing 解答s.
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TOTAL DISSOLVED SOLIDS METER CHECK TOXIC METALS IN WATER THAT AFFECTS FISH METABOLIC PROCESS.
TDS is 基本的に everything 解散させるd in the water: chlorine, chloramine, ammonia, phosphate, salt, hard minerals (GH), bicarbonates (KH), etc. And almost every 実体 追加するd to the water will 増加する TDS water 条件s etc.
High 集中s of TDS may 減ずる water clarity, 与える／捧げる to a 減少（する） in metabolic activities, 連合させる with 有毒な 構内／化合物s and 激しい metals, and lead to an 増加する in water 気温 and 結局の death or poor growth of fish.
TDS outside the fish’s natural 範囲 will 圧倒する the fish with 超過 water and overwork the 腎臓s, while a low osmotic 圧力 原因（となる）d by TDS levels below those of the fish’s natural 範囲 will 奪う the fish of the water needed for the 腎臓 機能（する）／行事s.
Under normal circumstances and 権利 water TDS 範囲, a fish suppose to excretes 3 times it’s 団体／死体 負わせる everyday. But the higher the TDS, the harder it is for the fish to do this, so the toxins remain longer in their 団体／死体s 影響する／感情ing their physiology, 原因（となる）ing 強調する／ストレス, and this will 必然的に lead to a shorter lifespan. This may not be evident or latent or not 明白な to us until the fish just dies, for no “明らかな” 推論する／理由 with 2023 waec gce runs.
Such fish 現実に become dehydrated, and most 苦しむ 腎臓 problems.
TDS also 直接／まっすぐに and 意味ありげに 衝撃 on osmoregulation occurring in the gills. When the TDS 原因（となる） a change in the osmotic 圧力, the red 血 独房s can change 形態／調整; a low osmotic 圧力 will 使い果たす the red 血 独房s of water, 原因（となる）ing them to 崩壊（する）, and a high osmotic 圧力 will inundate them with water, 原因（となる）ing the 独房s to 拡大する. Both results will 本気で 衝撃 respiration.