Start A Rice Farm Today: The A-Z Of Rice Cultivation In Africa
Rice (Oryza sativa), is the world’s second most popular cereal after maize. It is an ますます important 刈る in Nigeria. It is 比較して 平易な to produce and is grown for sale and for home 消費. In some areas there is a long tradition of rice growing, but for many, rice has been considered a 高級な food for special occasions only. With the 増加するd availability of rice, it has become part of the everyday diet of many in Nigeria.
visit agroensured.ng for more 農業 DIY.Gigantic 輸入 of the item from nations like India, 中国, Thailand and so 前へ／外へ, along these lines, happen to a 広大な／多数の／重要な extent because of the way that the 評価するd 手段 of rice 過程d 地元で is 始める，決める at 1.8 million トンs. On the normal, Nigeria 燃やすs through 1 billion Naira on rice 輸入 every day (that is a tiresome 365 billion Naira 年一回の). Agriculturalists continue asking "why spend such an incredible 手段 of cash bringing in rice when Nigeria has the 能力 of 十分に developing rice to 支える Her populace and produce 黒字／過剰 that can be sent out?". In spite of the fact that rice can be developed anyplace, that is, rice can develop in all the 地質学の zones of Nigeria relying upon the assortment, the zone of land 利用するd for rice 開発 is 一般に minute around 2 million ヘクタールs when review puts it that Nigeria has the 可能性s of developing around 5 million ヘクタールs. The 手段 of cash put aside for rice 輸入, if コースを変えるd into the change of rice 世代, for example, supporting both little 規模 and 抱擁する 規模 rice 開発 and 過程ing of rice developed in Nigeria to 会合，会う 全世界の／万国共通の 計器s like its 対抗者s from different nations would 権力を与える Nigeria take care of its rice 需要・要求する and かもしれない sending out rice to 隣接地の nations in a やめる a while from now. To the normal Nigerian, it needs no 贈呈 since it has turned out to be a standout amongst the most 批判的な sustenances in the nation, devoured by both the 豊富な and poor people. This position was 遂行するd to a 広大な／多数の／重要な extent by virtue of its unfaltering 利益／興味 by the Nigerian people for both 地元の and 商売／仕事 utilization help 近隣 工場／植物ing of rice in 重要な 開発 領土s like Sokoto, Ogun, Ebonyi, Enugu, Anambra, Niger, Kogi and other 明言する／公表するs in the Nigeria
SOME VARIETIES OF RICE GROWN IN NIGERIA
African rice (not Oryza sativa but a different 種類, known as Oryza glaberrima)
Fadama rice
Upland rice
Lowland rice
PROCESSES INVOLVED IN RICE PRODUCTION
There are 非常に／多数の varieties of rice that can be cultivated in Nigeria. The 過程 伴う／関わるd in rice cultivation depends on the geographical and 生態学の factors 利用できる. The 過程 伴う／関わるd also depends on the variety of Jamb Expo rice. Explained below are the 過程s 伴う／関わるd in the cultivation of Lowland rice in Nigeria 抽出するd from IITA’s growing lowland rice in Nigeria.
Rice 農業者 working on his Rice 農園
CHOICE OF LAND
Choose fertile land with a moderately high water 持つ／拘留するing-capacity. 激しい 国／地域s characteristic of river valleys and Fadamas are preferred. Lands with clayey 国／地域s are considered most 望ましい
LAND PREPARATION
米，稲 fields can be 用意が出来ている under either 乾燥した，日照りの or wetland 条件s; the choice depends on time of 操作／手術, 国／地域 所有物／資産／財産s and 器具／実施するs to be used. In either 事例／患者, the field should be レコード 骨折って進むd すぐに after 収穫 in November/December to expose the rhizomes of perennial 少しのd to scorching 活動／戦闘 of the sun. For direct seeded rice, the field is harrowed just before the first rain, and the 刈る is seeded. For wet or 移植（する）d rice, the field is flooded with the first rains. In the absence of ploughs, make heaps at the onset of first rains for 少しのd 支配（する）／統制する. 建設する bunds and cover the 米，稲 field with water to 妨げる the loss of 窒素 through denitrification.
visit agroensured.ng for more 農業 DIY.
TIME OF PLANTING
工場／植物 in May/June when the rains are 堅固に 設立するd. 工場／植物ing should be 早期に (by the end of June) in flood-傾向がある, waterlogged, and gall midge-大（公）使館員d areas. Seed 率 Direct （種を）蒔くing needs 55–65 kg/ha 穀物; raising seedlings to 移植（する）ing needs 45 kg/ha 穀物. 工場／植物ing
DIRECT SEEDING This is possible in hydromorphic areas by broadcasting or dibbling. Divide the field into 陰謀（を企てる）s of 50 m2 or 100 m2, and 建設する small bunds. 少しのd are the major problem. 適用する 除草剤s to 支配（する）／統制する them. in dibbling, the spacing should be 20–25 cm between 列／漕ぐ／騒動s and 15–20 cm between 工場／植物s. Direct seeding can be done with pregerminated seeds in wet 国／地域s.
NURSERY RAISING Soak the seeds in water for 24 hours. Spread them on the 床に打ち倒す and incubate them by covering them with ポリエチレン 捕らえる、獲得するs for 48 hours for the seeds to sprout. To 供給する seedlings for 1 ha of land, raise the nursery in 500 m2 (1/20 acre). Spread the sprouted seeds uniformly on a puddled nursery field. Drain 超過 water from the field for a week. E nsure that seed beds are raised in high 降雨 areas. 避ける bird 損失 during germination by 脅すing birds. In gall midge 影響する／感情d areas, 適用する FuradanTM (Carbofuran) at 1 kg/ha in nursery beds a week before uprooting Waec Expo.
TRANSPLANTING 移植（する） seedlings from nursery after 21 days. This is done by uprooting the seedlings. 移植（する） 2–3 seedlings per hill. Spacing should be 20 cm between 列／漕ぐ／騒動s and 15–20cm between 工場／植物s. 移植（する） 早期に 円熟したing varieties 15 cm apart and 移植（する） medium and late 円熟したing varieties 20 cm apart.
米，稲 fields can be 用意が出来ている under either 乾燥した，日照りの or wetland 条件s; the choice depends on time of 操作／手術, 国／地域 所有物／資産／財産s and 器具／実施するs to be used. In either 事例／患者, the field should be レコード 骨折って進むd すぐに after 収穫 in November/December to expose the rhizomes of perennial 少しのd to scorching 活動／戦闘 of the sun. For direct seeded rice, the field is harrowed just before the first rain, and the 刈る is seeded. For wet or 移植（する）d rice, the field is flooded with the first rains. In the absence of ploughs, make heaps at the onset of first rains for 少しのd 支配（する）／統制する. 建設する bunds and cover the 米，稲 field with water to 妨げる the loss of 窒素 through denitrification.
visit agroensured.ng for more 農業 DIY.
TIME OF PLANTING
工場／植物 in May/June when the rains are 堅固に 設立するd. 工場／植物ing should be 早期に (by the end of June) in flood-傾向がある, waterlogged, and gall midge-大（公）使館員d areas. Seed 率 Direct （種を）蒔くing needs 55–65 kg/ha 穀物; raising seedlings to 移植（する）ing needs 45 kg/ha 穀物. 工場／植物ing
DIRECT SEEDING This is possible in hydromorphic areas by broadcasting or dibbling. Divide the field into 陰謀（を企てる）s of 50 m2 or 100 m2, and 建設する small bunds. 少しのd are the major problem. 適用する 除草剤s to 支配（する）／統制する them. in dibbling, the spacing should be 20–25 cm between 列／漕ぐ／騒動s and 15–20 cm between 工場／植物s. Direct seeding can be done with pregerminated seeds in wet 国／地域s.
NURSERY RAISING Soak the seeds in water for 24 hours. Spread them on the 床に打ち倒す and incubate them by covering them with ポリエチレン 捕らえる、獲得するs for 48 hours for the seeds to sprout. To 供給する seedlings for 1 ha of land, raise the nursery in 500 m2 (1/20 acre). Spread the sprouted seeds uniformly on a puddled nursery field. Drain 超過 water from the field for a week. E nsure that seed beds are raised in high 降雨 areas. 避ける bird 損失 during germination by 脅すing birds. In gall midge 影響する／感情d areas, 適用する FuradanTM (Carbofuran) at 1 kg/ha in nursery beds a week before uprooting Waec Expo.
TRANSPLANTING 移植（する） seedlings from nursery after 21 days. This is done by uprooting the seedlings. 移植（する） 2–3 seedlings per hill. Spacing should be 20 cm between 列／漕ぐ／騒動s and 15–20cm between 工場／植物s. 移植（する） 早期に 円熟したing varieties 15 cm apart and 移植（する） medium and late 円熟したing varieties 20 cm apart.
GAP FILLING: Gap fill the areas where seeds have not germinated 7–10 days after 移植（する）ing. Use remaining seedlings.
WATER MANAGEMENT 持続する the level of water in the field up to 5cm one week after 移植（する）ing until 穀物 円熟したs. Drain the water a week before 収穫ing. 割れ目s should not be seen in the field. Fertilizer 率 and time of 使用／適用.
visit agroensured.ng for more 農業 DIY.
TALL LODGING INDICA VARIETIES
FIRST APPLICATION: 適用する broadcast, 200 kg (4 捕らえる、獲得するs) of NPK 15:15:15 14 days after 移植（する）ing.
SECOND APPLICATION: 適用する broadcast 100 kg/ha (12 捕らえる、獲得するs) of urea at ear initiation. IMPROVED NON-LODGING VARIETIES FIRST APPLICATION: 適用する 200 kg/ha (4 捕らえる、獲得するs) of NPK 15:15:15 完全に puddle in the 国／地域 before 移植（する）ing, followed by another 100kg (2 捕らえる、獲得するs) of Urea per ヘクタール broadcast at 30 days after 移植（する）ing.
SECOND APPLICATION: Broadcast 100 kg/ha (2 捕らえる、獲得するs) of Urea per ヘクタール at ear initiation. WEED CONTROL HAND WEEDING: 手渡す-少しのd twice at 21 and 40 days after 移植（する）ing. Collect all 少しのd from bunds, and 分解する or bury them in one corner of the field to 妨げる insect attack.
CHEMICAL CONTROL; Drain water from the field. Spray 除草剤s such as TamariceTMPL, RonstarTMPL, or RisaneTMat 3 kg/ha (8 litres) 2–3 weeks after 移植（する）ing on a （疑いを）晴らす sunny day. After 2–3 days, irrigate the field. You may topdress with urea. 手渡す 少しのd again around 40 days after 工場／植物ing. 病気s – Spray DithaneTMM-45 at 1kg or BenlateTMat 1.5 kg/ha in 500 リットルs of water to 支配（する）／統制する brown 位置／汚点／見つけ出す, 穀物 discoloration, and 爆破. Pests – STEM BORER: Watch the rice 刈る closely for dead hearts during 早期に vegetative growth. In 事例／患者 of 茎・取り除く borer attack, spray Gammalin® 20 on leaves and 工場／植物 bases 完全に. 適用する DecisTMat 1 リットル a.i/ha in 500 litres of water to 支配（する）／統制する rice bugs which suck the 次第に損なう after flowering – 適用する FuradanTM(Carbofuran) at 1 kg/ha or MiralTM(Isazofos) at 0.75 kg a.i/ha to 支配（する）／統制する African rice gall midge 20–30 days after 移植（する）ing as symptoms are seen on the field.
BIRD CONTROL Birds are a problem during 穀物 filling. 支配（する）／統制する them manually by 脅すing them. 収穫ing 収穫 long straw の近くに to the ground 15–20 cm to 許す 手渡す threshing. Other 操作／手術s are as for Upland rice.
推定する／予想するd 産する／生じる 5–6 t/ha 米，稲.
乾燥した，日照りのing 乾燥した，日照りの 米，稲 適切に to a 安全な moisture content of 13–14%, by spreading it on a clean 固める／コンクリート 床に打ち倒す, mat or tarpaulin. Sundry slowly for 2–3 DAYS to 減ずる breakage during milling. On a （疑いを）晴らす 有望な day, sun 乾燥した，日照りの for one day only by spreading 米，稲 thinly on clean 固める／コンクリート 床に打ち倒す, mat, or tarpaulin. Use a mechanical drier, if possible.
貯蔵 蓄える／店 in 冷静な／正味の, 乾燥した，日照りの rodent-proof 条件s. Infested 米，稲 should be fumigated with phostoxin in 空気／公表する-tight コンテナs at the 率 of one tablet/jute 捕らえる、獲得する (100 kg 米，稲) or 10–15 tablets/t 米，稲.
過程ing PARBOILING: Soak 米，稲 in hot water at 70 degree century for 5–6 hours. Discard all floating empty 穀物s. Parboil rice by steaming soaked 米，稲 in a jute 捕らえる、獲得する for 10–16 min by 一時停止するing the 捕らえる、獲得する over steaming water in a 派手に宣伝する. Stop parboiling when rice husks start to 分裂（する） open. Chalky 穀物s or white 中心s 示す incomplete parboiling, which may 原因（となる） 穀物 to break during milling.
WATER MANAGEMENT 持続する the level of water in the field up to 5cm one week after 移植（する）ing until 穀物 円熟したs. Drain the water a week before 収穫ing. 割れ目s should not be seen in the field. Fertilizer 率 and time of 使用／適用.
visit agroensured.ng for more 農業 DIY.
TALL LODGING INDICA VARIETIES
FIRST APPLICATION: 適用する broadcast, 200 kg (4 捕らえる、獲得するs) of NPK 15:15:15 14 days after 移植（する）ing.
SECOND APPLICATION: 適用する broadcast 100 kg/ha (12 捕らえる、獲得するs) of urea at ear initiation. IMPROVED NON-LODGING VARIETIES FIRST APPLICATION: 適用する 200 kg/ha (4 捕らえる、獲得するs) of NPK 15:15:15 完全に puddle in the 国／地域 before 移植（する）ing, followed by another 100kg (2 捕らえる、獲得するs) of Urea per ヘクタール broadcast at 30 days after 移植（する）ing.
SECOND APPLICATION: Broadcast 100 kg/ha (2 捕らえる、獲得するs) of Urea per ヘクタール at ear initiation. WEED CONTROL HAND WEEDING: 手渡す-少しのd twice at 21 and 40 days after 移植（する）ing. Collect all 少しのd from bunds, and 分解する or bury them in one corner of the field to 妨げる insect attack.
CHEMICAL CONTROL; Drain water from the field. Spray 除草剤s such as TamariceTMPL, RonstarTMPL, or RisaneTMat 3 kg/ha (8 litres) 2–3 weeks after 移植（する）ing on a （疑いを）晴らす sunny day. After 2–3 days, irrigate the field. You may topdress with urea. 手渡す 少しのd again around 40 days after 工場／植物ing. 病気s – Spray DithaneTMM-45 at 1kg or BenlateTMat 1.5 kg/ha in 500 リットルs of water to 支配（する）／統制する brown 位置／汚点／見つけ出す, 穀物 discoloration, and 爆破. Pests – STEM BORER: Watch the rice 刈る closely for dead hearts during 早期に vegetative growth. In 事例／患者 of 茎・取り除く borer attack, spray Gammalin® 20 on leaves and 工場／植物 bases 完全に. 適用する DecisTMat 1 リットル a.i/ha in 500 litres of water to 支配（する）／統制する rice bugs which suck the 次第に損なう after flowering – 適用する FuradanTM(Carbofuran) at 1 kg/ha or MiralTM(Isazofos) at 0.75 kg a.i/ha to 支配（する）／統制する African rice gall midge 20–30 days after 移植（する）ing as symptoms are seen on the field.
BIRD CONTROL Birds are a problem during 穀物 filling. 支配（する）／統制する them manually by 脅すing them. 収穫ing 収穫 long straw の近くに to the ground 15–20 cm to 許す 手渡す threshing. Other 操作／手術s are as for Upland rice.
推定する／予想するd 産する／生じる 5–6 t/ha 米，稲.
乾燥した，日照りのing 乾燥した，日照りの 米，稲 適切に to a 安全な moisture content of 13–14%, by spreading it on a clean 固める／コンクリート 床に打ち倒す, mat or tarpaulin. Sundry slowly for 2–3 DAYS to 減ずる breakage during milling. On a （疑いを）晴らす 有望な day, sun 乾燥した，日照りの for one day only by spreading 米，稲 thinly on clean 固める／コンクリート 床に打ち倒す, mat, or tarpaulin. Use a mechanical drier, if possible.
貯蔵 蓄える／店 in 冷静な／正味の, 乾燥した，日照りの rodent-proof 条件s. Infested 米，稲 should be fumigated with phostoxin in 空気／公表する-tight コンテナs at the 率 of one tablet/jute 捕らえる、獲得する (100 kg 米，稲) or 10–15 tablets/t 米，稲.
過程ing PARBOILING: Soak 米，稲 in hot water at 70 degree century for 5–6 hours. Discard all floating empty 穀物s. Parboil rice by steaming soaked 米，稲 in a jute 捕らえる、獲得する for 10–16 min by 一時停止するing the 捕らえる、獲得する over steaming water in a 派手に宣伝する. Stop parboiling when rice husks start to 分裂（する） open. Chalky 穀物s or white 中心s 示す incomplete parboiling, which may 原因（となる） 穀物 to break during milling.
MILLING
Mill rice in a two-行う／開催する／段階 milling machine. Always mill one pure variety at a time.
TIME OF PLANTING
工場／植物 in May/June when the rains are 堅固に 設立するd. 工場／植物ing should be 早期に (by the end of June) in flood-傾向がある, waterlogged, and gall midge-大（公）使館員d areas. Seed 率 Direct （種を）蒔くing needs 55–65 kg/ha 穀物; raising seedlings to 移植（する）ing needs 45 kg/ha 穀物. 工場／植物ing
DIRECT SEEDING
This is possible in hydromorphic areas by broadcasting or dibbling. Divide the field into 陰謀（を企てる）s of 50 m2 or 100 m2, and 建設する small bunds. 少しのd are the major problem. 適用する 除草剤s to 支配（する）／統制する them. in dibbling, the spacing should be 20–25 cm between 列／漕ぐ／騒動s and 15–20 cm between 工場／植物s. Direct seeding can be done with pregerminated seeds in wet 国／地域s.
NURSERY RAISING
Soak the seeds in water for 24 hours. Spread them on the 床に打ち倒す and incubate them by covering them with ポリエチレン 捕らえる、獲得するs for 48 hours for the seeds to sprout. To 供給する seedlings for 1 ha of land, raise the nursery in 500 m2 (1/20 acre). Spread the sprouted seeds uniformly on a puddled nursery field. Drain 超過 water from the field for a week. 確実にする that seed beds are raised in high 降雨 areas. 避ける bird 損失 during germination by 脅すing birds. In gall midge 影響する／感情d areas, 適用する FuradanTM (Carbofuran) at 1 kg/ha in nursery beds a week before uprooting.
TRANSPLANTING
移植（する） seedlings from nursery after 21 days. This is done by uprooting the seedlings. 移植（する） 2–3 seedlings per hill. Spacing should be 20 cm between 列／漕ぐ／騒動s and 15–20cm between 工場／植物s. 移植（する） 早期に 円熟したing varieties 15 cm apart and 移植（する） medium and late 円熟したing varieties 20 cm apart.
GAP FILLING
Gap fill the areas where seeds have not germinated 7–10 days after 移植（する）ing. Use remaining seedlings.
WATER MANAGEMENT
持続する the level of water in the field up to 5cm one week after 移植（する）ing until 穀物 円熟したs. Drain the water a week before 収穫ing. 割れ目s should not be seen in the field. Fertilizer 率 and time of 使用／適用
Mill rice in a two-行う／開催する／段階 milling machine. Always mill one pure variety at a time.
TIME OF PLANTING
工場／植物 in May/June when the rains are 堅固に 設立するd. 工場／植物ing should be 早期に (by the end of June) in flood-傾向がある, waterlogged, and gall midge-大（公）使館員d areas. Seed 率 Direct （種を）蒔くing needs 55–65 kg/ha 穀物; raising seedlings to 移植（する）ing needs 45 kg/ha 穀物. 工場／植物ing
DIRECT SEEDING
This is possible in hydromorphic areas by broadcasting or dibbling. Divide the field into 陰謀（を企てる）s of 50 m2 or 100 m2, and 建設する small bunds. 少しのd are the major problem. 適用する 除草剤s to 支配（する）／統制する them. in dibbling, the spacing should be 20–25 cm between 列／漕ぐ／騒動s and 15–20 cm between 工場／植物s. Direct seeding can be done with pregerminated seeds in wet 国／地域s.
NURSERY RAISING
Soak the seeds in water for 24 hours. Spread them on the 床に打ち倒す and incubate them by covering them with ポリエチレン 捕らえる、獲得するs for 48 hours for the seeds to sprout. To 供給する seedlings for 1 ha of land, raise the nursery in 500 m2 (1/20 acre). Spread the sprouted seeds uniformly on a puddled nursery field. Drain 超過 water from the field for a week. 確実にする that seed beds are raised in high 降雨 areas. 避ける bird 損失 during germination by 脅すing birds. In gall midge 影響する／感情d areas, 適用する FuradanTM (Carbofuran) at 1 kg/ha in nursery beds a week before uprooting.
TRANSPLANTING
移植（する） seedlings from nursery after 21 days. This is done by uprooting the seedlings. 移植（する） 2–3 seedlings per hill. Spacing should be 20 cm between 列／漕ぐ／騒動s and 15–20cm between 工場／植物s. 移植（する） 早期に 円熟したing varieties 15 cm apart and 移植（する） medium and late 円熟したing varieties 20 cm apart.
GAP FILLING
Gap fill the areas where seeds have not germinated 7–10 days after 移植（する）ing. Use remaining seedlings.
WATER MANAGEMENT
持続する the level of water in the field up to 5cm one week after 移植（する）ing until 穀物 円熟したs. Drain the water a week before 収穫ing. 割れ目s should not be seen in the field. Fertilizer 率 and time of 使用／適用
TALL LODGING INDICA VARIETIES FIRST APPLICATION
適用する broadcast, 200 kg (4 捕らえる、獲得するs) of NPK 15:15:15 14 days after 移植（する）ing.
SECOND APPLICAT ION
適用する broadcast 100 kg/ha (12 捕らえる、獲得するs) of urea at ear initiation.
IMPROVED NON-LODGING VARIETIES
FIRST APPLICATION:
適用する 200 kg/ha (4 捕らえる、獲得するs) of NPK 15:15:15 完全に puddle in the 国／地域 before 移植（する）ing, followed by another 100kg (2 捕らえる、獲得するs) of Urea per ヘクタール broadcast at 30 days after 移植（する）ing.
SECOND APPLICATION
Broadcast 100 kg/ha (2 捕らえる、獲得するs) of Urea per ヘクタール at ear initiation.
WEED CONTROL HAND WEEDING: 手渡す-少しのd twice at 21 and 40 days after 移植（する）ing. Collect all 少しのd from bunds, and 分解する or bury them in one corner of the field to 妨げる insect attack.
CHEMICAL CONTROL
Drain water from the field. Spray 除草剤s such as TamariceTMPL, RonstarTMPL, or RisaneTMat 3 kg/ha (8 litres) 2–3 weeks after 移植（する）ing on a （疑いを）晴らす sunny day. After 2–3 days, irrigate the field. You may topdress with urea. 手渡す 少しのd again around 40 days after 工場／植物ing. 病気s – Spray DithaneTMM-45 at 1kg or BenlateTMat 1.5 kg/ha in 500 リットルs of water to 支配（する）／統制する brown 位置／汚点／見つけ出す, 穀物 discoloration, and 爆破. Pests – STEM BORER: Watch the rice 刈る closely for dead hearts during 早期に vegetative growth. In 事例／患者 of 茎・取り除く borer attack, spray Gammalin® 20 on leaves and 工場／植物 bases 完全に. 適用する DecisTMat 1 リットル a.i/ha in 500 litres of water to 支配（する）／統制する rice bugs which suck the 次第に損なう after flowering – 適用する FuradanTM(Carbofuran) at 1 kg/ha or MiralTM(Isazofos) at 0.75 kg a.i/ha to 支配（する）／統制する African rice gall midge 20–30 days after 移植（する）ing as symptoms are seen on the field.
BIRD CONTROL
Birds are a problem during 穀物 filling. 支配（する）／統制する them manually by 脅すing them. 収穫ing 収穫 long straw の近くに to the ground 15–20 cm to 許す 手渡す threshing. Other 操作／手術s are as for Upland rice.
推定する／予想するd 産する／生じる 5–6 t/ha 米，稲.
POST-HARVESTING
DRYING
乾燥した，日照りの 米，稲 適切に to a 安全な moisture content of 13–14%, by spreading it on a clean 固める／コンクリート 床に打ち倒す, mat or tarpaulin. Sundry slowly for 2–3 DAYS to 減ずる breakage during milling. On a （疑いを）晴らす 有望な day, sun 乾燥した，日照りの for one day only by spreading 米，稲 thinly on clean 固める／コンクリート 床に打ち倒す, mat, or tarpaulin. Use a m echanical drier, if possible.
STORAGE
蓄える／店 in 冷静な／正味の, 乾燥した，日照りの rodent-proof 条件s. Infested 米，稲 should be fumigated with phostoxin in 空気／公表する-tight コンテナs at the 率 of one tablet/jute 捕らえる、獲得する (100 kg 米，稲) or 10–15 tablets/t 米，稲.
適用する broadcast, 200 kg (4 捕らえる、獲得するs) of NPK 15:15:15 14 days after 移植（する）ing.
SECOND APPLICAT ION
適用する broadcast 100 kg/ha (12 捕らえる、獲得するs) of urea at ear initiation.
IMPROVED NON-LODGING VARIETIES
FIRST APPLICATION:
適用する 200 kg/ha (4 捕らえる、獲得するs) of NPK 15:15:15 完全に puddle in the 国／地域 before 移植（する）ing, followed by another 100kg (2 捕らえる、獲得するs) of Urea per ヘクタール broadcast at 30 days after 移植（する）ing.
SECOND APPLICATION
Broadcast 100 kg/ha (2 捕らえる、獲得するs) of Urea per ヘクタール at ear initiation.
WEED CONTROL HAND WEEDING: 手渡す-少しのd twice at 21 and 40 days after 移植（する）ing. Collect all 少しのd from bunds, and 分解する or bury them in one corner of the field to 妨げる insect attack.
CHEMICAL CONTROL
Drain water from the field. Spray 除草剤s such as TamariceTMPL, RonstarTMPL, or RisaneTMat 3 kg/ha (8 litres) 2–3 weeks after 移植（する）ing on a （疑いを）晴らす sunny day. After 2–3 days, irrigate the field. You may topdress with urea. 手渡す 少しのd again around 40 days after 工場／植物ing. 病気s – Spray DithaneTMM-45 at 1kg or BenlateTMat 1.5 kg/ha in 500 リットルs of water to 支配（する）／統制する brown 位置／汚点／見つけ出す, 穀物 discoloration, and 爆破. Pests – STEM BORER: Watch the rice 刈る closely for dead hearts during 早期に vegetative growth. In 事例／患者 of 茎・取り除く borer attack, spray Gammalin® 20 on leaves and 工場／植物 bases 完全に. 適用する DecisTMat 1 リットル a.i/ha in 500 litres of water to 支配（する）／統制する rice bugs which suck the 次第に損なう after flowering – 適用する FuradanTM(Carbofuran) at 1 kg/ha or MiralTM(Isazofos) at 0.75 kg a.i/ha to 支配（する）／統制する African rice gall midge 20–30 days after 移植（する）ing as symptoms are seen on the field.
BIRD CONTROL
Birds are a problem during 穀物 filling. 支配（する）／統制する them manually by 脅すing them. 収穫ing 収穫 long straw の近くに to the ground 15–20 cm to 許す 手渡す threshing. Other 操作／手術s are as for Upland rice.
推定する／予想するd 産する／生じる 5–6 t/ha 米，稲.
POST-HARVESTING
DRYING
乾燥した，日照りの 米，稲 適切に to a 安全な moisture content of 13–14%, by spreading it on a clean 固める／コンクリート 床に打ち倒す, mat or tarpaulin. Sundry slowly for 2–3 DAYS to 減ずる breakage during milling. On a （疑いを）晴らす 有望な day, sun 乾燥した，日照りの for one day only by spreading 米，稲 thinly on clean 固める／コンクリート 床に打ち倒す, mat, or tarpaulin. Use a m echanical drier, if possible.
STORAGE
蓄える／店 in 冷静な／正味の, 乾燥した，日照りの rodent-proof 条件s. Infested 米，稲 should be fumigated with phostoxin in 空気／公表する-tight コンテナs at the 率 of one tablet/jute 捕らえる、獲得する (100 kg 米，稲) or 10–15 tablets/t 米，稲.
TALL LODGING INDICA VARIETIES FIRST APPLICATION
適用する broadcast, 200 kg (4 捕らえる、獲得するs) of NPK 15:15:15 14 days after 移植（する）ing.
SECOND APPLICATION
適用する broadcast 100 kg/ha (12 捕らえる、獲得するs) of urea at ear initiation.
IMPROVED NON-LODGING VARIETIES
FIRST APPLICATION:
適用する 200 kg/ha (4 捕らえる、獲得するs) of NPK 15:15:15 完全に puddle in the 国／地域 before 移植（する）ing, followed by another 100kg (2 捕らえる、獲得するs) of Urea per ヘクタール broadcast at 30 days after 移植（する）ing.
SECOND APPLICATION
Broadcast 100 kg/ha (2 捕らえる、獲得するs) of Urea per ヘクタール at ear initiation.
WEED CONTROL HAND WEEDING: 手渡す-少しのd twice at 21 and 40 days after 移植（する）ing. Collect all 少しのd from bunds, and 分解する or bury them in one corner of the field to 妨げる insect attack.
CHEMICAL CONTROL
Drain water from the field. Spray 除草剤s such as TamariceTMPL, RonstarTMPL, or RisaneTMat 3 kg/ha (8 litres) 2–3 weeks after 移植（する）ing on a （疑いを）晴らす sunny day. After 2–3 days, irrigate the field. You may topdress with urea. 手渡す 少しのd again around 40 days after 工場／植物ing. 病気s – Spray DithaneTMM-45 at 1kg or BenlateTMat 1.5 kg/ha in 500 リットルs of water to 支配（する）／統制する brown 位置／汚点／見つけ出す, 穀物 discoloration, and 爆破. Pests – STEM BORER: Watch the rice 刈る closely for dead hearts during 早期に vegetative growth. In 事例／患者 of 茎・取り除く borer attack, spray Gammalin® 20 on leaves and 工場／植物 bases 完全に. 適用する DecisTMat 1 リットル a.i/ha in 500 litres of water to 支配（する）／統制する rice bugs which suck the 次第に損なう after flowering – 適用する FuradanTM(Carbofuran) at 1 kg/ha or MiralTM(Isazofos) at 0.75 kg a.i/ha to 支配（する）／統制する African rice gall midge 20–30 days after 移植（する）ing as symptoms are seen on the field.
BIRD CONTROL
Birds are a problem during 穀物 filling. 支配（する）／統制する them manually by 脅すing them. 収穫ing 収穫 long straw の近くに to the ground 15–20 cm to 許す 手渡す threshing. Other 操作／手術s are as for Upland rice.
推定する／予想するd 産する／生じる 5–6 t/ha 米，稲.
POST-HARVESTING
DRYING
乾燥した，日照りの 米，稲 適切に to a 安全な moisture content of 13–14%, by spreading it on a clean 固める／コンクリート 床に打ち倒す, mat or tarpaulin. Sundry slowly for 2–3 DAYS to 減ずる breakage during milling. On a （疑いを）晴らす 有望な day, sun 乾燥した，日照りの for one day only by spreading 米，稲 thinly on clean 固める／コンクリート 床に打ち倒す, mat, or tarpaulin. Use a mechanical drier, if possible.
STORAGE
蓄える／店 in 冷静な／正味の, 乾燥した，日照りの rodent-proof 条件s. Infested 米，稲 should be fumigated with phostoxin in 空気／公表する-tight コンテナs at the 率 of one tablet/jute 捕らえる、獲得する (100 kg 米，稲) or 10–15 tablets/t 米，稲.
適用する broadcast, 200 kg (4 捕らえる、獲得するs) of NPK 15:15:15 14 days after 移植（する）ing.
SECOND APPLICATION
適用する broadcast 100 kg/ha (12 捕らえる、獲得するs) of urea at ear initiation.
IMPROVED NON-LODGING VARIETIES
FIRST APPLICATION:
適用する 200 kg/ha (4 捕らえる、獲得するs) of NPK 15:15:15 完全に puddle in the 国／地域 before 移植（する）ing, followed by another 100kg (2 捕らえる、獲得するs) of Urea per ヘクタール broadcast at 30 days after 移植（する）ing.
SECOND APPLICATION
Broadcast 100 kg/ha (2 捕らえる、獲得するs) of Urea per ヘクタール at ear initiation.
WEED CONTROL HAND WEEDING: 手渡す-少しのd twice at 21 and 40 days after 移植（する）ing. Collect all 少しのd from bunds, and 分解する or bury them in one corner of the field to 妨げる insect attack.
CHEMICAL CONTROL
Drain water from the field. Spray 除草剤s such as TamariceTMPL, RonstarTMPL, or RisaneTMat 3 kg/ha (8 litres) 2–3 weeks after 移植（する）ing on a （疑いを）晴らす sunny day. After 2–3 days, irrigate the field. You may topdress with urea. 手渡す 少しのd again around 40 days after 工場／植物ing. 病気s – Spray DithaneTMM-45 at 1kg or BenlateTMat 1.5 kg/ha in 500 リットルs of water to 支配（する）／統制する brown 位置／汚点／見つけ出す, 穀物 discoloration, and 爆破. Pests – STEM BORER: Watch the rice 刈る closely for dead hearts during 早期に vegetative growth. In 事例／患者 of 茎・取り除く borer attack, spray Gammalin® 20 on leaves and 工場／植物 bases 完全に. 適用する DecisTMat 1 リットル a.i/ha in 500 litres of water to 支配（する）／統制する rice bugs which suck the 次第に損なう after flowering – 適用する FuradanTM(Carbofuran) at 1 kg/ha or MiralTM(Isazofos) at 0.75 kg a.i/ha to 支配（する）／統制する African rice gall midge 20–30 days after 移植（する）ing as symptoms are seen on the field.
BIRD CONTROL
Birds are a problem during 穀物 filling. 支配（する）／統制する them manually by 脅すing them. 収穫ing 収穫 long straw の近くに to the ground 15–20 cm to 許す 手渡す threshing. Other 操作／手術s are as for Upland rice.
推定する／予想するd 産する／生じる 5–6 t/ha 米，稲.
POST-HARVESTING
DRYING
乾燥した，日照りの 米，稲 適切に to a 安全な moisture content of 13–14%, by spreading it on a clean 固める／コンクリート 床に打ち倒す, mat or tarpaulin. Sundry slowly for 2–3 DAYS to 減ずる breakage during milling. On a （疑いを）晴らす 有望な day, sun 乾燥した，日照りの for one day only by spreading 米，稲 thinly on clean 固める／コンクリート 床に打ち倒す, mat, or tarpaulin. Use a mechanical drier, if possible.
STORAGE
蓄える／店 in 冷静な／正味の, 乾燥した，日照りの rodent-proof 条件s. Infested 米，稲 should be fumigated with phostoxin in 空気／公表する-tight コンテナs at the 率 of one tablet/jute 捕らえる、獲得する (100 kg 米，稲) or 10–15 tablets/t 米，稲.
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