Misc sensors for sensing and 支配（する）／統制する- SC2sm

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Sensing and 支配（する）／統制する for hobbyists and schools: Misc Sensors

Lets hear it for the simple switch! Both momentary and toggle switches are useful (The former is like a doorbell switch, the latter like a （米）棚上げする／（英）提議する lamp's switch.)

How do you connect them to a computer? Much is 明らかにする／漏らすd at my electronics 場所／位置. I've also 地位，任命するd （警察などへの）密告，告訴（状） about connecting things to your program across a LAN or the internet.

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Beyond the humble switch there is the un-humble switch: 装置s that are, at their heart, "mere" switches... but under rather splendid 肌s. Most 夜盗，押し込み強盗 alarm systems 会社にする／組み込む at least a few PIRs: The little boxes that get 機動力のある high on a 塀で囲む and wink an LED at you when they "see" you (more 正確に, your 団体／死体 heat) go by. A PIR is a wonderful 装置... but the part you connect to is just a switch that is operated by the 残り／休憩（する） of the PIR's electronics.

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The analog to 数字表示式の convertor, or ADC, is another important 装置. It 変えるs voltages into 数字表示式の signals. Each 装置 has different 明確な／細部s. For instance, one 受託するs anything from 0 volts to 2.55 volts as it's input. In other words, you attach one pin of the 装置 to the "無" of some 回路・連盟 and the input pin to some other point in the 回路・連盟, a point where the voltage won't always be the same. As that voltage can be 0 or high or やめる high or やめる low, it is called analog. (The complement is 数字表示式の, in which there are only two 重要な voltages, e.g. 無 (or 近づく無) and 5 volts (or 近づく 5). The presence of other voltages would 示す a fault in the 回路・連盟 design.... unless it was designed to 許す, say, anything below 2.5 to count as 無, the 残り／休憩（する） to count as 5.)

An ADC will have a number of 生産（高） pins, in my example, 8 of them. When the input is connected to 無 volts, all of the 生産（高） pins will be connected to 無 volts 同様に. If the input is nearly 無, most of the 生産（高） pins will be connected to 無, but a few will be connected to 5 volts.... They're never connected to anything other than 0 or 5, though, so we say these pins carry a 数字表示式の signal. If the input pin is connected to 2.55 volts, then all 8 of the 生産（高） pins are connected to 5 volts. The pins are 同等（の） to the digits of a binary number, and the pattern of voltages on them counts as a number. The number will depend on the voltage 適用するd to the input.

If the above wasn't something you mostly already knew, you might want to visit my page explaining analog and 数字表示式の.

An ADC with 8 生産（高）s can "show" 256 numbers: 0 to 255. You can buy ADCs which encode different voltage 範囲s, that have a different number of 生産（高） pins, have different ways of connecting to the computer, etc, etc... each has it's プロの／賛成のs and 反対／詐欺s.

Why bother? 数字表示式の signals are much easier to connect to a computer and to を取り引きする in the computer.

ADCs are useful because there are so many sensors 利用できる that turn some physical 量 into an 電気の量. There are light sensors, 気温 sensors, 湿度 sensors, 圧力 sensors, etc, etc.

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Some sensors change their 抵抗によれば the 明言する／公表する of thing they are sensing. For example, suppose you 手配中の，お尋ね者 to 手段 the level of water in a fish 戦車／タンク. You can buy something called a linear potentiometer. It is long and thin, with a 棒 that will slide in an out of the 装置, a bit like the 扱う of a bicycle pump. It has two wires coming out of it. (Three 現実に, usually, but you can forget one, unless you know all about it, in which 事例／患者 please don't 令状 and complain!) You attach one end of the potentiometer to a 直す／買収する，八百長をするd point above the fish 戦車／タンク. You attach a 負わせるd float to the end of the slider. If you've got it 権利, then as the water rises and 落ちるs, the slider goes in and out. The その上の out the slider is, the greater the 抵抗 between the two wires.

Next, you need a 直す／買収する，八百長をするd voltage, a resistor, a 力／強力にする供給（する） and an ADC (see above, if you 港／避難所't met ADCs). Connect the 無 volts of the 力／強力にする供給（する） to one end of the resistor. Connect one of the wires of the linear potentiometer to the other wire from the 力／強力にする供給（する）. Connect the other end of the resistor and the other wire from the linear potentiometer and the input of the ADC together. When the slider goes in and out, the computer will "see" different voltages! The に引き続いて shows much of what you need. Connect the green 位置／汚点／見つけ出す you see below to the ADC, which isn't shown.

Linear pot circuit

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I've gone through some of the basic building 封鎖するs of sensing. The real fun begins when you bring your imagination to 耐える to 工夫する ways of （悪事，秘密などを）発見するing the things you need to know about to build the system that you have taken on as your challenge.

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There are many sensors 利用できる which interface to the PC 経由で 1-Wire 半導体素子s on MicroLans. Many of them could be adapted to interface 経由で other channels.

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A simple ultrasonic distance sensing module is 利用できる from Parallax, cost $25. Click here for 詳細（に述べる）s. It was designed for use with Basic Stamps, but with 5v, 1 i/o pin, and some work, you could use it in other 環境s. 範囲: 2cm to 3.3m. My thanks to a 肉親，親類d reader for bringing this to my attention.

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Last, and not at all least... there are keyboards! I am 納得させるd that it wouldn't be hard to interface one to 金物類／武器類 of your own 工夫するing, etc. I've written more at my page 献身的な to the 追求（する），探索（する） for the 権利装置.

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