このページはEtoJ逐語翻訳フィルタによって翻訳生成されました。

翻訳前ページへ


Pulse Train Trick HOME > > SENSING AND CONTROL MAIN PAGE > > SENSORS

逮捕(する)ing (n)艦隊/(a)素早いing events

Filename: SC_2sPulseTrain.htm

This page explains a trick for 逮捕(する)ing (n)艦隊/(a)素早いing events with electronic 監視するing systems. It goes on to 供給する some 回路・連盟 詳細(に述べる)s.

What is a "(n)艦隊/(a)素早いing event"? Why is it hard to "逮捕(する)"?

"(n)艦隊/(a)素早いing" is a 親族 称する,呼ぶ/期間/用語. If you dedicate a small system to the 職業, you could "watch" a cookie jar, and (悪事,秘密などを)発見する your 10 year old snatching a cookie from it, even if he only had the lid off for two seconds. The nice scientists at CERN (悪事,秘密などを)発見する events that last micro-seconds.

"(n)艦隊/(a)素早いing compared to what?" is the question.

Compared to the 資源s you want to 充てる to the 監視するing.

A system that checked if the cookie jar was open once a minute really wouldn't be good enough.

Why can't you check it, say, every half second? You could, of course... if the 関連した electronics weren't doing anything else.

I have a system ((link)) that checks four 気温 sensors, a 降雨 sensor, windspeed, 気圧の 圧力, the 明言する/公表する of my 夜盗,押し込み強盗 alarm... and more! It 現在のs graphs of the readings to anyone who cares to visit a web page.

明白に, the system doesn't watch every sensor all of the time. The 気温 sensors are checked about once every 5 minutes. I will take the chance that the 気温 in the living room won't rise 8 degrees and then 落ちる 支援する again to where it was before between two of the periodic checks.

That really wouldn't "do" for watching the cookie jar, would it?

You can make fancy "latching" 回路・連盟s which will "remember" an event. But then you have to を取り引きする (疑いを)晴らすing the latch each time you look at it. And my trick gives you more (警察などへの)密告,告訴(状) than a latched bit would, anyway.

Here's the trick...

I start by putting a "switch" on the cookie jar. Lid on: switch の近くにd. Lid off: switch open. (Designing a suitable switch is an 利益/興味ing challenge in itself.)

I then connect the switch to a small 回路・連盟 (現在のd その上の 負かす/撃墜する this page). That 回路・連盟 has one 生産(高). That 生産(高) stays in one 明言する/公表する when the switch on the cookie jar is の近くにd.

When the cookie jar switch is open, my little 回路・連盟 puts a pulse train on the 生産(高). In other words, the 生産(高) goes on/ off/ on/ off... until the cookie jar lid is の近くにd again.

Cost of my 回路・連盟? Under $5.

The on/off/on/off happens three times in two seconds. (The exact frequency isn't 批判的な... and you can make it whatever you want just by using a different resistor or capacitor in the 権利 place.)

Logic of input/ output

Now comes the clever bit: I connect the 生産(高) of my 回路・連盟 to a 反対する.

A 反対する is a 回路・連盟... there are many out there... which count ons and offs. It has one input. The 生産(高) of a 反対する can take many forms. As long as your 反対する has an 生産(高) that you can read with whatever system runs your big 監視するing system can read, you're "done".

Me? I use Arduinos and 8266s for such things. They have built-in 反対するs! I've written about how to use the 金物類/武器類 反対する inside an Arduino. I already have an 8266 伴う/関わるd, because it serves the web page with (警察などへの)密告,告訴(状) about さまざまな things. 追加するing the cookie jar 報告(する)/憶測 is trivial.

Now the 監視するing ソフトウェア can check the number in the 反対する as infrequently it likes, and still "see" even a 簡潔な/要約する 開始 of the jar....

職業 done!

The 半導体素子 at the heart of the 回路・連盟

All we need is a simple oscillator. The 伝統的な way to create one is the 555 統合するd 回路・連盟, which has been around since 1972. That 半導体素子 is called a "timer", not because it can tell you the time of day, but because with it, you can create pulses of a 明示するd length (明示するd "time long"), or chains of pulses with (within 推論する/理由!) whatever 所有物/資産/財産s you want... any "time on", any "time off". ("Pulse": a cycle from off to on to off again.)

When it is 始める,決める up to create a chain of pulses, the thing we want, the timer is said to be "configured as an astable". (It can also has monostable and bistable operating 方式s.)

But an astable timer is essentially just a simple oscillator. And, 決定的な for us, we can "turn" the stream of pulses on and off with a 選び出す/独身 input to the 555.

Here is the basic 回路・連盟, 儀礼 of Wikipedia...

555 Timer pin functions

The 残り/休憩(する) of this page is just an elaboration on that 主題, with some 公式文書,認めるs on 明確な/細部s, and on how you would connect it up to the 状況 I 始める,決める out at the start of this. I do not, here, go into any of the 関係のある ソフトウェア. If you want to know about that, start at the page I already 特記する/引用するd about using an Arduino's built in 反対する.

In the big diagram below there are columns 示すd "555" and "556". The 556 is a 二重の 見解/翻訳/版 of the 555... two 555s in a 選び出す/独身 一括. We won't, in this 事業/計画(する), be using both 味方するs of the 556, but the diagram covers what you should do with the 未使用の pins if you don't have other uses for them.

Connecting the 555 into our 事業/計画(する), for our wants...

The に引き続いて tells you all the things you need to hook up...

q-ALT

Capacitors on the 供給(する): Cs is there to smooth the 力/強力にする 供給(する), 抑える things that might さもなければ arise. It was 示唆するd by the very helpful guide to using 555 timers from dlb.sa.edu.au.. as was most of everything else here about how to use 555 timers. But the idea of using a stream of pulses to "catch" a transient event was 地雷!

Rt1, Rt2 and Ct... connected to Dis A/ ThreA/ Trig A: The values chosen for these three 構成要素s 決定する frequency and 義務 cycle of the pulse train. If you want a different pulse 率 than the two 申し込む/申し出d with the values in the (米)棚上げする/(英)提議する, 協議する the 言及/関連 just 特記する/引用するd.

"生産(高)" pin- simple 回路・連盟: The simplest 生産(高) is as follows... and this is just to 実験(する) that the 回路・連盟 does 配達する a string of pulses when the switch on the cookie jar is open, and that the 生産(高) is low whenever the cookie jar switch is の近くにd.

q-ALT

"生産(高)" pin- connected to 8266: I ran my 回路・連盟 at 5v, because 5v was readily 利用できる to me.

But! The 8266 input that I 手配中の,お尋ね者 to connect the oscillator's 生産(高) to is not 5v tolerant. (No 8266 input is 5v tolerant.) But a simple transistor did the voltage level 転換ing for me without hassle, as follows.

q-ALT

"Reset" pin: The 明言する/公表する of the "Reset" pin, when the 555 is configured as shown, 決定するs whether the 生産(高) will stay low or oscillate. "I read on the internet" that I didn't need the 10k pull-up resistor shown in the diagram. But if the wires to the "cookie jar" are long, you may find it is necessary. I can't see how the "unnecessary" pull-up resistor could 原因(となる) any problems.

q-ALT

"Ctrl" pins (Ctrl A, Ctrl B): The webpage I took most of this from said that these could be left floating. (I.e. not connected to anything.) But it also said that unless you connect these pins to ground with a 0.01uF capacitor, you might have problems with noise. I see no 推論する/理由 not to have them as part of the 回路・連盟, and will 追加する them to my "cookie jar 監視する"... when I've had a chance to buy some! (In the 合間, the 回路・連盟 is working 罰金 without them.)

Other pins: I'm not going to repeat here things I've already said on the diagram. Do look carefully at the diagram, and do not assume that this text covers everything that there.

The 回路・連盟...

The 556 has two 555s in it. You don't need to use both 味方するs... if using only one, many pins can be left unconnected, but 公式文書,認める that if you have an 未使用の Reset line, it should be tied high. (I.e. connected to Vss.)

Circuit

A word about my 構成要素 指名するs follows. 陳謝s for one or two slight changes to 指名するs between what's above and what is below... 陳謝s for some "amateur-itis"...

Almost all of my 構成要素 指名するs start with a 選び出す/独身 letter... R: resistor, C: capacitor, U: 統合するd 回路・連盟, T: transistor, S: switch....
In an exception to my 支配する, "Conn" is a connector.

All then have a digit...

If you think that the logic of logic tells you that if there is a C1c that there is also a C2c, you are 権利!

名簿(に載せる)/表(にあげる) of parts:

I hope that's 包括的な? Please let me know if I've 行方不明になるd or 混乱させるd anything?

Almost lastly... an overview...

If you put the 555 on a protoboard, or little 広告 hoc PCB, along with the resistors, capacitors and transistor we have discussed, there really aren't many 関係s to be made to "the 残り/休憩(する) of the world". Here's a diagram, just to be (疑いを)晴らす about what they are...

q-ALT

Last for now...

A messy bit... sorry. No time! I spent the time because I thought it would be useful to you. If you can't be bothered, I'll refund what you've paid me for these ideas.

q-ALT

In the に引き続いて image of some handwritten 公式文書,認めるs, there are some links. They appear again in "clickable" form after the image...

q-ALT

Here are some of the links in the image above...

http://sheepdogguides.com/elec/pcb/PCB227-明言する/公表する-to-pulses.htm

http://sheepdogguides.com/elec/pcb/PCB278-inverter.htm

http://www.arunet.co.uk/tkboyd/ec/ec1optoiso.htm

http://sheepdogguides.com/arduino/aht4timer1-反対する.htm


I hope that's been useful?

If it was useful, please link to it, please について言及する at 会議s? Link to this page?

If you 位置/汚点/見つけ出す a 欠陥, or there are 関係のある 事柄s I should talk about here, emails with feedback are always welcome. 詳細(に述べる)s below.



This page is meant for hobbyists. A lot of 楽しみ (or inspiration to 改善する your design!) can be had from comparing the results your electronic 降雨 監視するs 記録,記録的な/記録する with the results of a simple 伝統的な rain 計器.


You may want to check other pages of this 場所/位置 for things which might have appeared on this page, but were either mis-場所/位置d or had a more general relevance.



   Search this 場所/位置 or the web        力/強力にするd by FreeFind
 
  場所/位置 search Web search
場所/位置 地図/計画する    What's New    Search

The search engine 単に looks for the words you type, so....
*    (一定の)期間 them 適切に.
*    Don't bother with "How do I get rich?" That will 単に return pages with "how", "do", "I"....

Please also 公式文書,認める that I have two other 場所/位置s, and that this search will not 含む them. They have their own search buttons.

My 場所/位置 at Arunet.
My Sheepdog Guides 場所/位置.



Other 事業/計画(する)s

This is just one of the guides I have published on the 逮捕する. Please visit any of the に引き続いて that relate to 利益/興味s you have....

Help with the excellent 解放する/自由な database 含むd as part of the 解放する/自由な, multi 壇・綱領・公約 Libre Office/ Open Office.
Lazarus Tutorials. (類似の to Delphi)
Electronics for hobbyists and schools
Main Home Page



Here is how you can 接触する this page's author, Tom Boyd. Please 特記する/引用する "SheSof/SC2sPulseTrain.htm"



Valid HTML 4.01 Transitional Page has been 実験(する)d for 同意/服従 with INDUSTRY (not MS-only) 基準s, using the 解放する/自由な, 公然と accessible validator at validator.w3.org. Mostly passes.

AND passes... Valid CSS!

-- Page ends --