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肩書を与える: The Visit of Charles Fraser (the 植民地の Botanist of New South むちの跡s) to the Swan River in 1827.
Author: J.G. Hay.
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Language: English
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生産／産物 公式文書，認めるs.

This work 構成するs synchronous accounts of a visit to the Swan River in 1827: there is Fraser's account, and, in 新規加入, the 定期刊行物 H.M.S. "Success", under the 命令（する） of Captain Stirling.

Some of the punctuation has been 訂正するd or modernised. A （米）棚上げする／（英）提議する of Contents has been 追加するd. Click on the 地図／計画する 近づく the beginning to 大きくする it.

An article 関係のある to this ebook, 肩書を与えるd The Swan River: The British Visit in 1827, appeared in The West Australian of 28 March 1906.

[Cover Page]

THE
VISIT OF CHARLES FRASER

(The 植民地の Botanist of New South むちの跡s)

To the Swan River in 1827, with his Opinion

on the Suitableness of the 地区

for a 解決／入植地.

TOGETHER WITH

COPIOUS NOTES BY J. G. HAY.

TO WHICH IS ADDED

The 定期刊行物 of H.M.S. "Success"

(Captain James Stirling, R.N.)

On the above occasion.

Published By J. G. HAY, 182 Pier Street, Perth,

Western Australia.

1906.

Sketch 地図／計画する of Swan River from its mouth to beyond Perth.

Click on the 地図／計画する to 大きくする it.

PREFACE.

The 初めの papers, now published for the first time in Western Australia, speak for themselves.

The 定期刊行物 of the Clerk of H.M.S. "Success" has never before seen the light of day, and much 利益／興味ing 事柄 is pleasantly 関係のある therein.

Attention may be drawn to one or two items not hitherto known.

The 初めの 意向 of the 探検隊／遠征隊 was to 示唆する Buckland Hill as the 場所／位置 for a town for the 提案するd 解決／入植地. This, however, was superseded by Captain Stirling, on his arrival with the first 移民，移住（する）s, in the ship "Parmelia", in June, 1829, by placing the 資本／首都, Perth, about twelve miles from the port, at which he settled the town of Fremantle. The elucidation of the 指名するing of Perth after the birthplace of Sir George Murray, the then 国務長官 for the 植民地s, in 栄誉（を受ける） of whom also towns in New South むちの跡s, Tasmania, and Canada were 指名するd, and the origin of the 指名するing of 開始する Eliza after Lady Darling, should 始める，決める aside many absurd stories for these nomenclatures.

Another fact that is not 一般に known is that Chenopis atrata (the 黒人／ボイコット Swan of Australia), which was first 観察するd by Vlaming, at the river he 指名するd after the bird, on the 5th of January, 1697, was not 限定するd to that 部分 of Australia, but was once ありふれた to the whole southern coast from east to west, as also Tasmania and the islands of Bass' 海峡s. It is not a true swan, but belongs to an 連合した genus now, unfortunately, almost 絶滅するd. It has been collected and brought together in numbers to the Swan River at Perth, where it is 保護するd by 法律制定 from 存在 destroyed.

Finally, I have to thank the Department of Lands for 施設s given me to search their 記録，記録的な／記録するs, and 特に have I to thank Mr Joseph Hope, the 長，指導者 Draughtsman, for 援助 自由に （判決などを）下すd me on this and other occasions.

I have also to 表明する my thanks to Mr. Malcolm A.C. Fraser, the Registrar-General, for the 貸付金 of some of the Plates used in illustration.

One day, I 信用 publishing a small history of Western Australia, in the 合間, this little brochure, I hope, may not be 容認できない to some as a first instalment.

[CONTENTS]

[ILLUSTRATIONS]

1. Sketch 地図／計画する of Swan River from its mouth to beyond Perth.

2. 見解（をとる） of Perth from the Lower Terrace of the King's Park.

3. West Australian Aborigines (1).

4. West Australian Aborigines (2).

5. The Three Graces of Leonora and other Aborigines of the Eastern Goldfields.

6. Beagle Bay Natives Under the Care of カトリック教徒 Missionaries:

[Above:] Native （軍の）野営地，陣営 at Beagle Bay.

[Below:] Group of Aboriginals listening to the missionary's speech.

7. H.M.S. "Success".

8. [Above:] Natives 準備するing for Corroboree at Broome.

[Below:] Aboriginal 武器s 展示（する）d at Perth Museum.

9. Eucalyptus Calophylla, the Red Gum of Wesrern Australia, erroneously called Angophora by Fraser.

10. 見解（をとる） of Albany and King George the Third Sound.

見解（をとる） of Perth from the Lower Terrace of the King's Park.

{Page 1}

The Visit of Mr. CHARLES FRASER, 植民地の Botanist of New South むちの跡s, with Captain STIRLING, in H.M.S. "Success", to the Swan River in 1827, with his 報告（する）／憶測 ON the Botany, 国／地域, and 能力s of the Locality.

(A Paper read before the West Australian Natural History Society by Mr. J.G. Hay, 20th March, 1906).

The visit of the 植民地の Botanist of New South むちの跡s, with Captain Stirling, in H.M.S. "Success", to the Swan River in 1827 was 妊娠している with かなりの importance, as it was おもに on Mr. Fraser's 報告（する）／憶測 that the その後の 解決／入植地 was directed.

以前 to 1826, the British 事実上 made no （人命などを）奪う，主張する to Western Australia, 存在 content to 許す that 部分 to remain under the 指名する of New Holland.

If 言及／関連 be made to Captain Phillip's 指示／教授／教育s, it will be seen that he was directed to 占領する all that 部分 of New Holland lying eastward of the 135th degree of longitude; and although, only a few years after, Captain Vancouver (1) took 所有／入手 (on Michaelmas Day, 1791) of the land he discovered and 指名するd King George the Third Sound, yet no 占領／職業 of this 領土 was すぐに 影響d.

(1.) Captain George Vancouver, with H.M.S. "発見" and "Chatham", was on a 使節団 to the north-west coast of America, when, with a 乗組員 stricken by dysentery, he made the southern coast, at about Chatham Island, and left it at Termination Island.

It was only after the 探検隊／遠征隊 of 1800-4, ordered by Napoleon (2), had usurped Flinders' 発見s, and 指名するd the whole southern coast "Terre Napol駮n", and other French ships had visited these shores, that the British 当局, 存在 alarmed, at last directed the 占領／職業 of King George's Sound, which was accordingly carried out on Christmas Day, 1826 (3).

(2.) Napol駮n's 探検隊／遠征隊, sent out under the French 共和国, consisted of the "G駮graphe", Commodore Baudin, and the "Naturaliste", Captain Hamelin, who was afterwards sent 支援する to フラン with despatches when a second visit to Western Australia was made with the "G駮graphe", …を伴ってd by a schooner bought in New South むちの跡s, and christened by the French the "Casuarina", into which 中尉／大尉／警部補 Freycinet was placed in 命令（する）.

(3.) General Darling sent Major Lockyer from Sydney, with a detachment of the 39th 連隊 and a party of 罪人／有罪を宣告するs, to King George Sound, numbering in all about 70 persons. They landed 25th December, 1826.

に引き続いて this event, the 知事 of New South むちの跡s directed Captain Stirling to take the 植民地の Botanist with him, for the 目的 of 報告（する）／憶測ing on the suitableness of the Swan River 近隣 for a 解決／入植地.

The "Success", leaving Sydney on January 17, 1827, was …を伴ってd by a 切断機，沿岸警備艇, 指名するd the "通貨", ーするつもりであるd to be 雇うd in coast 調査する, but which, 会合 with 事故s, had to return to Port Jackson.

After a 予選 visit to Hobart, the "Success" arrived off Rottnest on the 5th of March, 1827; and, three days after, the ship's gig and 切断機，沿岸警備艇 entered the Swan River for the 目的 "of 診察するing the banks, the depth of water, to 直す／買収する，八百長をする on an 適格の 位置／汚点／見つけ出す for a 解決／入植地, to ascertain the 生産／産物s of the country, the nature of the 国／地域, and the practicability of shipping." Considering the short time 占領するd in all this work (not a month in the whole 領土), it can scarcely be said that anything like an exhaustive examination of the country was made, and certainly not one that would 正当化する the laudatory 条件 that were afterwards used to attract the 植民／開拓者s.

The 報告（する）／憶測 on which the 植民地 was 設立するd is not in the 所有／入手 of the 明言する／公表する, but a copy of a 半分-公式の／役人 定期刊行物 kept by Mr. Augustus H. Gilbert (clerk of the "Success") is 保存するd; and from a paper 収集するd on the botany of the Swan River, etc., by Mr. Charles Fraser, for his friend Dr. Hooker, and published in the first 容積／容量 of the "Botanical Miscellany", in 1830, we learn much of the 勝つ／広く一帯に広がるing flora seen by the 訪問者s.

Some slight mistakes were made such as calling the Red Gum (Eucalyptus calophylla) Angophora; but, taken in all, the description of a 全く different 一連の shrubs to those ありふれた on the Eastern Coast of Australia, may be called 公正に／かなり 正確な. Mr. Fraser, in the course of his paper, says:—

"The 国／地域 on the South 長，率いる is a barren sand, producing a かなりの variety of 利益／興味ing 工場／植物s, amongst which I 観察するd Anigozanthus Rufus, Anthocercis littorea, two 種類 of Metrosideros (4); a charming 種類 of Prostanthera (5), producing large 量s of rich blue flowers; a 種類 of Gnaphalium (6), with procumbent 茎・取り除くs, the white flowers of which give a 雪の降る，雪の多い 外見 to many parts of the cliffs; and a beautiful 種類 of Dryandra (7). The 外見 of the Gnaphalium above について言及するd is in some 手段 confirmatory of the sandy character which the French give of these hills.

(4.) Dr. A. Morrison, the 政府 Botanist, to whom I am indebted for these botanical 公式文書，認めるs, says:—"Metrosideros, at the time Fraser wrote, was a 指名する 適用するd to a 広大な／多数の／重要な variety of myrtaceous 工場／植物s, now known under the genera Melaleuca, Kunzea, Callistemon, Angophora, Eucalyptus, Syncarpia, and Exanthostemon. Probably he referred to paper-bark trees.

(5.) Most likely Hemiandra pungens.

(6.) Calocephalus Brownii.

(7.) Dryandra floribunda probably, a shrub or small tree.

"On tracing the river a ４半期/4分の1 of a mile from its 入り口, on the south bank (8), I 観察するd 量s of a 種類 of Brunonia (9), growing in 広大な／多数の／重要な luxuriance on the 利ざや of a salt 沼, its flowers of a brilliant sky-blue. Here I likewise gathered a magnificent 種類 of Melaleuca, with scarlet flowers (10), and two 種類 of Metrosideros, with さまざまな other 工場／植物s, which, from their 存在 neither in flower nor in fruit, I could not 試みる／企てる to 述べる.

(8.) The position of Phillimore-street, Fremantle.

(9.) Probably Dampiera Linearis.

(10.) More than one such.

"Half a mile from the 入り口, I 設立する the 国／地域, although 明らかに sterile, to consist of a 罰金 light-brown loam, 含む／封じ込めるing a small 割合 of sand, and 有能な of producing any description of light garden 刈る. This character not only 適用するs to the 即座の bank as far as the reach (11) below Pelican Point (12), but likewise to the hills as far as my 観察 led. These hills 現在の the 外見 of a petrified forest (13), from the 巨大な 量 of trunks which protrude for several feet above the surface; their 分解するd 明言する／公表する （判決などを）下すs them of 利益 rather than さもなければ to the 国／地域. Here I 観察するd a brown snake, 類似の to that of Port Jackson, and it is remarkable that this was the only snake seen during the 調査する (14).

(11.) 黒人／ボイコット 塀で囲む Reach.

(12.) Pelican Point. This is evidently ーするつもりであるd for Point Walter. Fraser wrote this paper in Sydney, two years after his visit, and a number of errors principally small, occur in its pages.

(13.) The petrified 外見 may be 観察するd at several localities, 顕著に At Cottesloe, 開始する Eliza, and Arthur's 長，率いる. It is 予定 to the shrubs and small trees 存在 buried by drifting sand, then calcified by the lime (解散させるd out of the sand by the rains) taking the place of their decaying tissues.

(14.) Snakes. On the occasion of the French visit in June, 1801, the 報告（する）／憶測 明言する／公表するs:—"Snakes are ありふれた enough on Rottnest Island. Many are not いっそう少なく than 4ft. to 5ft. long, with a 直径 of 1ｽin. to 2in. Their color is greyish, but we did not 観察する if they were venomous." This was probably the brown snake (Diemenia superciliosa), the color of which 変化させるs. It may be 推定するd that they would also be on the 本土／大陸, as brown, 黒人／ボイコット, and brown-banded are to be 得るd about Perth to this day, though not so 非常に／多数の as in the Eastern 明言する／公表するs.

"At the distance of one mile from the mouth of the river (15), the genus Eucalyptus appears, although in a stunted 明言する／公表する. I was much astonished at the beautiful dark-green and vigorous 外見 of the trees, considering that the season had been evidently 異常に 乾燥した，日照りの; but the 原因（となる） must arise from the 広大な／多数の／重要な 量 of springs with which this country abounds. On 侵入するing two feet into the earth, I 設立する the 国／地域 perfectly moist, and I feel 確信して that, had I 侵入するd a foot deeper, I should have 設立する water. On the beach I 観察するd several small pools of water and many moist 位置／汚点／見つけ出すs, which, in seasons of unusual 湿度, must be the seat of active springs 問題／発行するing from the calcareous 激しく揺するs that bound them. The luxuriance of the vegetation on the 即座の beach is truly astonishing. It consists principally of syngenesious 工場／植物s, and a 種類 of Hibiscus with peltate leaves (16). Here I 観察するd a beautiful pendulous Leptospermum, 似ているing in its 外見, and the 状況／情勢 which it prefers, the weeping willow (17). An arborescent 種類 of Acacia (18) was likewise seen associated with it.

(15.) This would be the position of the 現在の 鉄道 橋（渡しをする） crossing the river at Fremantle.

(16.) Hibiscus Huegelii, but leaves not "peltate."

(17.) Agonis flexuosa. The peppermint tree.

(18.) Acacia cyanophylla.

"While 診察するing the 生産／産物s of a 集まり of cavernous 石灰岩 激しく揺するs on the beach, I was astonished by 観察するing an 広範囲にわたる spring 問題／発行する from beneath them, in width about 7 feet, running at the 率 of 3 feet in a second. The water was brackish, but it is evidently fresh at some periods of the tide. Its elevation is about 3 feet above low-water 示す, yet at its lowest ebb its 現在の was at the above 率. The water was 設立する, on 存在 analysed, to be of the same 質 as that at Harrowgate (19).

(19.) This mineral spring would be about the position of the Port Brewery, 近づく the 鉄道 橋（渡しをする）; but the water is not 類似の to Harrogate.

"The 国／地域 on the North 長，率いる is sandy; its 生産／産物s much the same as that of the south. Two hundred yards from the beach the 国／地域 changes to a light-red loam, 改善するing, as the hills 上がるd, to that of a 罰金 virgin earth (20). The valleys separating these hills along the coast are of the richest description, as far as my 観察s led, and inland 延長するing to Pelican Point (21), beyond which their character was not ascertained. These hills (22) are admirably adapted for the 場所／位置 of a town, their elevated 状況／情勢 命令（する）ing a 見解（をとる） of the whole of Canning Sound (23), with the 隣接する coast, the 内部の for some distance, and the meanderings of the river. Their lying open to all 微風s, too, is an 付加 advantage.

(20.) This very fulsome account was not borne out by Captain Fremantle R.N., who, in a despatch to the Admiralty, 時代遅れの 8th October, 1829, said:—"The 国／地域 of the sea coast was 一般に sandy; but on arriving at the fresh water in the Swan and Canning rivers the banks were rich, and the 国／地域 有能な of producing anything." Vlaming's description of the same 位置／汚点／見つけ出す, visited on the 5th January, 1697, is still more pithy. The Dutchman says:—"As regards the country it is sandy, and in the place where we were had been 工場／植物d with a good many shrubs, の中で which were some やめる three and four fathoms (vademen) 厚い, but 耐えるing no fruit, in short, 十分な of prickles and thorns. Several of these 産する／生じるd gum nearly like wax, of a brownish-red color."

(21.) Now known as Crawley Point.

(22.) These hills are Buckland Hill and those in the 近隣, but the evident 意向 of 直す／買収する，八百長をするing a town there was abandoned by Captain Stirling in 1829, for the 準備／条項 of two towns, as について言及するd in Captain Fremantle's despatch of 8th October, 1829:—"The 中尉／大尉／警部補-知事 had 直す／買収する，八百長をするd on a 場所／位置 for a town about 12 miles up the Swan River, on the 権利 bank, just below the islands, where he ーするつもりであるd 除去するing to すぐに with the whole of the party landed on Garden Island. The town is to be called Perth, There is also another town to be built, at the mouth of the river, for the convenience of the shipping in Gage Roads, 近づく the 位置／汚点／見つけ出す where the party from the ship first 設立するd themselves." The 資本／首都, Perth, was so 指名するd after the birthplace of Sir George Murray, the 国務長官 for the 植民地s, who had 認めるd Stirling's request of giving him Garden Island, and 90,000 acres besides, for his visit to the Swan River in 1827. The seaport town was called after Captain Fremantle, R.N., of H.M.S. "挑戦者", who arrived at the mouth of the Swan River on 2nd May, 1829, and hoisting the British 旗 on the South 長，率いる, took formal 所有／入手, in the 指名する of His Majesty King George IV., of all that part of New Holland which is not 含むd within the 領土 of New South むちの跡s. 正確に／まさに one month after, Captain Stirling arrived with the first 植民／開拓者s in the 雇うd 輸送（する） "Parmelia."

(23.) Canning Sound, in 1827, gave place, in 1829, to Gage Roads and Cockburn Sound.

"The 石灰岩 with which these hills are studded （判決などを）下すs them admirably adapted for the 生産／産物 of the vine; and, as they are 解放する／自由な from 木材／素質 and brushwood, they may at once be brought into a 明言する／公表する of cultivation.

"The trees and shrubs seen on these hills consisted of stunted Eucalypti and Leptosperma, and a beautiful 種類 of Calytris [24], or Cyprus, of the finest green color, producing large warted 反対／詐欺s.

(24.) Calytris. Callitris robusta.

"On 横断するing the beach, I was agreeably surprised at the 広大な／多数の／重要な degree of fragrance imparted by two graceful 種類 of Metrosideros, then in flower, which 越えるd anything I ever experienced. On the beach I 観察するd a magnificent arborescent 種類 of Rhagodia (25), 20 feet in 高さ, 巨大な 量s of Gnaphalium, two 種類 of Helichrysum (26), and a beautiful 種類 of an unknown 工場／植物s There were no 海洋 生産／産物s 観察するd upon the shore (27).

(25.) Rhagodia, 20ft. high, may have been Rhagodia Billardieri, ありふれた also on the south-eastern coasts.

(26.) Helichrysum cordatum.

(27.) The French said:—"The beach was covered with a very large number of gelatinous and transparent white molluscs, abandoned by the tide, and which are doubtless the food of the birds たびたび（訪れる）ing these shores."

"From Pelican Point (28) to the 入り口 of the Moreau the country is diversified with hills of gentle elevation and with 狭くする valleys, magnificently 着せる／賦与するd with trees of the richest green. Here the genus Banksia appears in all its grandeur, consisting of three 種類, of which B. grandis is the most 目だつ (29). The 主要な／長／主犯 木材／素質 is Eucalyptus. The shrubs consist of a 種類 of Dryandra, two 種類 of Hakea, one of Grevillea (30), and a pendulous 種類 of Viminaria (31) of かなりの 高さ, richly 着せる／賦与するd with yellow and crimson flowers, associating itself in the most graceful manner with the weeping Leptospermum 以前は alluded to, Xanthorrhœa Hastilis (32) is abundant, as is Zamia spiralis (33), while Anthocercis littorea is seen to 達成する a 高さ of 10 feet. The shores are covered with 急ぐs of 広大な／多数の／重要な 高さ and thickness, 隠すing many beautiful syngenesious 工場／植物s, but they are occasionally flooded. Here I 観察するd the ありふれた Casuarina (34) of Port Jackson, though with a stunted habit. These beds of 急ぐs are probably the rendezvous of the dugong, について言及するd by Mons. P駻on, but of which we saw 非，不，無 (35).

(28.) Pelican Point, now known as Crawley, is opposite the 入り口 of the Canning River, and Fraser again, no 疑問, means Point Walter, on the same 味方する as the Canning.

(29.) Banksias. The three commonest are B. grandis, B. Menziesii, and B. attenuata.

(30.) Dryandra, Hakea, Grevillea. More than one 種類 of each 設立する in the 近隣.

(31.) Viminaria denudata. Same as in the East.

(32.) Xanthorrhœa Preissii, not Hastilis.

(33.) Zamia spiralis. The western 工場／植物 was 設立する afterwards to be a 際立った 種類, and was 指名するd by Miguel Macrozamia (or Encephalartos) Fraserii, after Fraser himself.

(34.) Casuarina. If the same shrubby 種類 as that ありふれた at Port Jackson, it would be Casuarina distyla.

(35.) On the return of the French boating 探検隊／遠征隊 from 調査するing the Swan River, the party was for 13 hours up to the waist in わずかな／ほっそりした and water, dragging the boat over the mud-flats at Heirisson's Islands, in 冷淡な and rain. The に引き続いて graphic account was given by Mons. Bailly:—"In the 中央 of all these troubles and dangers, which had come upon us without 中止するing, night descended. We were 準備するing to get 岸に to 乾燥した，日照りの ourselves and 回復する our spent vigor, when all of a sudden a terrible howl 凍結するd us with terror. It 似ているd the bellowing of an ox, but much louder, and appeared to come out of the 隣接地の reeds." This occurred at what is now the foot of Plain or Bennett streets, and was not ascribed by 指名する to any animal. May it have been the sea lion or sea 耐える, Arctocephalus (or Otaria) Forsteri, which has been known to たびたび（訪れる） reeds for a lair? Probably the animal was as much 脅すd as the French.

"On 診察するing the shoal water of Pelican Point, I 観察するd an aquatic stoloniferous 種類 of Goodenia, with which the sandy 底（に届く） is covered.

"The 国／地域 between the above points 似ているs, in its surface, the sandy 国／地域 of the shores of Port Jackson more than any hitherto seen; but, on digging a few インチs, it is 設立する to 含む／封じ込める a かなりの 割合 of loam. The valleys and headlands furnish an excellent 国／地域, more 特に that of Garden Point (36). Here we 工場／植物d several 気が狂って, and seeds of all sorts of culinary vegetables. This point produces an 巨大な 量 of herbaceous 工場／植物s, amongst which I 観察するd a pulverulent 種類 of Goodenia and a 種類 of Centaurea.

(36.) Garden Point. This is now known as Point 吊りくさび on the 地図／計画するs, and is the 現在の termination of the 開始する's Bay-road tramline. The 白人指導者べったりの東洋人 groves 存在するing in this locality are the 製品 of the 工場／植物s placed there by Fraser. A second garden was also 工場／植物d, probably at the 場所／位置 of the 現在の gardens, which Stirling 指名するd, after himself, Stirling Square. These take the place of botanic gardens どこかよそで.

West Australian Aborigines (1).

1. Man, Yalgoo, Age 50; 高さ 5ft. 9in. 2. Yalgoo Maid, Age 17, 高さ 5ft. 2in.

3. Kimberley Natives 4. Man, Beagle Bay, Age 60; 高さ 5ft. 8in.

5. Man, Drysdale River, Kimberley.

"The botany of Point Heathcote (37) is splendid, consisting of magnificent Banksias and Dryandras, a remarkable 種類 of Hakea, two 種類 of Grevillea, a 種類 of Leptospermum, and a beautiful dwarf 種類 of Calytris. Here we （機の）カム to 広大な／多数の／重要な 豊富 of fresh water on the beach, by scratching the sand with our fingers, within 2 インチs of low-water 示す. The beach at Garden Point is of the same character, and I 疑問 not but within the 長，率いるs will be 設立する of the same description. This was afterwards 設立する to be the 事例／患者, not only on the river, but on the beaches of the islands of Bu稍he and of Berthollet (38).

(37.) Point Heathcote is the Eastern Cape of Frenchman's Bay, about a ４半期/4分の1 of a mile north-west of what is known now as Coffee Point.

(38) A garden was 工場／植物d on Bu稍he, and Stirling, in 1829, changed its 指名する to Garden Island. In like manner he called Berthollet "Carnac", after one of his 中尉／大尉／警部補s. The whole group was called "小島s Louis Napol駮n" by the French in 1801.

"The 見解（をとる） from Pelican Point (39) is exceedingly grand. The contrast between the dark blue of the distant mountains and the vivid green of the surrounding forests is such as must in a peculiar manner strike the attention of a person long accustomed to the monotonous brown of the vegetation of Port Jackson. It is, indeed, materially different from anything I have yet seen in New South むちの跡s.

(39.) Pelican Point, now known as Crawley, is a long sandspit, and the 言及／関連 of Fraser more （許可，名誉などを）与えるs with Point Walter (指名するd after Stirling's uncle, Sir Walter Stirling) than with any other. Point Walter has a 公正に／かなり high 山の尾根, 命令（する）ing a good 見解（をとる）.

"From Point Heathcote to the islands (40) the country seems to 改善する, as far as I could 裁判官 from the 巨大な 量 of herbage it produced.

(40.) Heirisson's Islands, 指名するd after the midshipman in 告発（する），告訴（する）／料金 of the French boating party who 調査するd the river.

"Point Belches (41) on the opposite shore, the only 位置／汚点／見つけ出す on that shore 診察するd, was 設立する to produce Banksias and Eucalyptus. The shrubs consisted of a beautiful Isopogon, a 種類 of Acacia, and a Jacksonia with crimson flowers (42), together with the general 生産／産物s of the opposite shore. The 国／地域 is sandy. The cliffs (43)—of very かなりの elevation—on the northern shore, are formed of 化石-石灰岩 and sandstone. The 見解（をとる） from this point of the meanderings of the river and the Moreau (44), with the surrounding country and distant mountains, is 特に grand (45). This seems to be the extreme easterly 境界 of the 石灰岩 (46).

(41.) Point Belches is the extreme northern point of South Perth, or what was afterwards called Mill Point, at the 狭くするs. It was 指名するd after Lieut. Belches, of H.M.S. "Success."

(42.) Jacksonia furcillata.

(43.) 開始する Eliza; so 指名するd, in 1827, by Stirling, after Lady Darling, the wife of the 知事 of New South むちの跡s.

(44.) The French did not 調査する the Canning River, but 指名するd its 入り口 "Entr馥 Moreau." They at first 始める，決める it 負かす／撃墜する as 存在 another communication with the sea. Stirling, in 1829, 指名するd the 支流 river after Canning, the 総理大臣 of England.

(45.) The 見解（をとる） from the King's Park, on 開始する Eliza, is the finest of its 肉親，親類d in all Australia. In no other city is there such a combination of city, 郊外, and river, 支援するd by a mountain 範囲. It certainly is a 見解（をとる） that no 訪問者 should 行方不明になる.

(46.) This has since been 設立する not 訂正する.

"The islands (47) on the flats are composed of a rich deposit carried 負かす／撃墜する by the floods. Their 利ざやs are covered with Metrosideros and Casuarina (48), and their 内部の with seaside succulent 工場／植物s. On one 味方する of these islands I caught sight of a 工場／植物 with an arborescent habit, which, on examination, 証明するd to be a 種類 of Zamia with spiral fruit, 異なるing only from Z. spiralis in habit. Here the equatorial Goodenia, 以前は alluded to, disappears. The difficulty (49) which the party now experienced from having mistaken the channel, and in having, その結果, to drag the boats over the mud, were 広大な／多数の／重要な, but by perseverance were 打ち勝つ. From the 広範囲にわたる beds of oyster 爆撃するs (50) which 嘘（をつく） a foot 深い in the soft mud, our feet became dreadfully lacerated. These flats are 広範囲にわたる, but by 雇うing flat-底（に届く）d boats they may be easily crossed (51).

(47.) These islands (Heirisson's) it is ーするつもりであるd one day to 変える into recreation gardens. One of them has already been chosen by some of the 黒人／ボイコット swans for a nesting ground. These swans were 得るd from other localities under Sir John Forrest's 行政, and after a little nursing at the Mill Pond, South Perth, were 解放するd on the river. They are now again 完全に at home on the river 指名するd after them, by Vlaming, on the 5th of January, 1697.

(48.) Casuarina glauca.

(49.) The French, with one boat, had a greater difficulty; 反して the English party had two boats, and その結果 a greater number of 手渡すs.

(50.) These 爆撃するs make excellent footpaths in Perth,

(51.) A canal was 削減（する） through the isthmus of Burswood Island in 1830, and a dam 建設するd to コースを変える the water in such a manner as to keep open a channel. This canal has long since been 許すd to の近くに up, and 船s and boats have to make the circuitous course 一連の会議、交渉／完成する the three 味方するs of this いわゆる island. Another canal, some years ago, was 削減（する） through the mud-flats, and is still used.

"At Point Fraser (52) the bank may be said to 終結させる, and the channel appears to be that of a beautiful inland river. From the 入り口 to this 位置／汚点／見つけ出す it may more 適切に be called an estuary. The flats, or levels, at this 位置／汚点／見つけ出す are very fertile, composed of a rich alluvial deposit, but evidently occasionally flooded, drift 木材／素質 having been seen 5 feet above the surface. Here are 広範囲にわたる salt-沼s, admirably adapted to the growth of cotton (53). This has already been produced at Sydney, and pronounced by the ablest 裁判官s in Britain to be of very superior 質. There can be no question but that, both as to 国／地域 and 気候, the banks of the Swan River would 証明する better adapted to the cultivation of this 工場／植物 than Port Jackson, and the seed that should be tried is that of Sea Island Cotton.

(52.) Point Fraser (指名するd after the 植民地の Botanist of New South むちの跡s) is the south-eastern extremity of the City of Perth. The Swan River here takes a northerly sweep.

(53.) The cultivation of cotton at the の近くに of the eighteenth century was enthusiastically taken up by one Baron De La Clampe, a retired French officer of the 古代の 政権, who after serving in India against the English, and 存在 taken 囚人, 願望（する）d to emigrate to New South むちの跡s rather than join the army of the French Revolutionists. Mons. De La Clampe's 農園 at 城 Hill, In New South むちの跡s, was visited by Mons. P駻on in 1802, and 罰金 見本／標本s, 類似の to Nanking cotton were then 検査／視察するd.

"The hills on the bank of the river are exceedingly barren, 似ているing those of Port Jackson, but producing a magnificent 種類 of Angophora (54), which seems to assume the same 状況／情勢 in the botany as the genus Eucalyptus does in that of Port Jackson. Banksia grandis was here seen to 達成する the 高さ of fifty feet, and its trunk frequently 越えるd two feet and a half in 直径.

(54.) Eucalyptus calophylla, the red gum of Western Australia. An excusable mistake by Fraser, as a strong resemblance 存在するs to the apple-tree gums of New South むちの跡s.

"Amongst the new botany of this tract may be enumerated a 種類 of Metrosideros of 広大な／多数の／重要な elegance, forming thickets on the flats, and intermingling with two other 種類 of the same genus, but of いっそう少なく beauty; its flowers of the most brilliant scarlet (55); the general 高さ of the tree, 6 feet. There were also a pink-flowered handsome 種類 of Centaurea, a remarkable dwarf 種類 of Hakea, two 種類 of Daviesia and Dryand[r]a Armata.

(55.) Metrosideros, with flowers of a brilliant scarlet, would be probably either Melaleuca lateritea or Beaufortia squarrosa.

"I 観察するd a 種類 of Psittacus (56), in large flocks, whose 発言する／表明する is more plaintive than that of the white cockatoo. It 料金d on the roots of orchideous 工場／植物s, to 得る which it scratches the ground to a かなりの depth.

(56.) Psittacus. Mr. A.W. Milligan, the Western Australian ornithologist, says:—"The ground-feeding cockatoo I take to be Cacatua Leadbeateri, or Leadbeater's cockatoo. It is possible, however, that it may be Licmetis nasica (一般的に known as the corella), which also 料金d upon and digs into the ground." On referring to Gould, that celebrated ornithologist says:—"Cacatua Leadbeateri. The pink cockatoo of the colonists of Swan River. This beautiful 種類 of cockatoo enjoys a wide 範囲 over the southern 部分s of the Australian continent. It never approaches very 近づく the sea, but evinces a decided preference to the 内部の of the country. It 毎年 visits the Toodyay 地区 of Western Australia, and 産む／飼育するs at Gawler, in South Australia." Of Licmetis he says:—"Licmetis nascius. The habitat of the 現在の 種類 would appear to be 限定するd to Victoria and South Australia, where it 住むs the 内部の rather than the 近隣 of the coast. Like the Cacatua galerita (広大な／多数の／重要な sulphur-crested cockatoo), it 組み立てる／集結するs in large flocks, and spends much of its time on the ground, where it grubs up the roots of orchids and other bulbous 工場／植物s, upon which it おもに subsists, and hence the necessity for its singularly-formed 法案." And of the other 種類 he says:—"Licmetis pastinator. Western long-法案d cockatoo. All ornithologists now 収容する／認める that there are two 種類 of the genus Licmetis, one 住むing the western and the other the eastern 部分s of Australia."

"While …に出席するing to a boat in the river, which the party was dragging over the mud, I distinctly heard the bellowing of some 抱擁する animal, 類似の to that of an ox, 訴訟／進行 from an 広範囲にわたる 沼 その上の up the river (57). (Could this be the dugong of the French?)

(57.) This would not be very far from the lair of the animal that so startled Mons. Heirisson's party in 1801.

"すぐに afterwards, I was visited by three natives, 武装した f they made 調印するs for me to 出発／死, but 申し込む／申し出d no 暴力／激しさ. On 審理，公聴会 the 発言する／表明するs of the party they retired in the 支持を得ようと努めるd.

"One mile up the river from the last point is a small creek (58) of fresh water, 問題／発行するing from an 広範囲にわたる lagoon 着せる／賦与するd with arborescent 種類 of Metrosideros of 広大な／多数の／重要な beauty. The banks are covered with the most 利益／興味ing 工場／植物s, amongst which I 観察するd two 種類 of Calytris, a 種類 of Acacia (59) with a scolopendrous 茎・取り除く, and several Papilionaceous 工場／植物s. The Angophoras on the flats are gigantic. These flats are formed of tolerable loam, of 広大な／多数の／重要な depth, and 有能な of producing fair 刈るs.

(58.) Claise Brook. Now the main 下水管 of, Perth, the 場所／位置 of the septic-戦車／タンク 治療 of 汚水.

(59.) Acacia diptera.

"The Zamia seen from the islands was here 観察するd to 達成する the 高さ of 30 feet. Xanthorrhoea arborea, too, was of equal size, and, associated with the splendid Banksias, imparted to the forest a character perfectly 熱帯の.

"I was astonished at 観察するing the 施設 with which water was 得るd in this 明らかに sterile tract, for on digging to a depth of 3 feet it was 設立する in 豊富, and of the best 質.

"訴訟／進行 up the river from the above-について言及するd creek, the country assumes a 際立った 外見 from that seen below. On the left is an 広範囲にわたる 沼 (60), 国境d by thickets of Casuarina, surrounded by a flat of the richest description, rivalling in point of 国／地域 that of the Hawkesbury. Here I first 観察するd the Brome, or kangaroo-grass of New South むちの跡s, in 広大な／多数の／重要な luxuriance (with the exception of some seen on the banks at Point Fraser). Bastard and blue gum (61) is seen here in かなりの 量s and of 広大な／多数の／重要な size. The opposite bank is high, and covered with Eucalyptus and Banksia. The 国／地域 is a light sandy loam.

(60.) Walter's Brook, 指名するd by Stirling after his uncle. This is now the city 境界, dividing Perth from Maylands.

(61.) May 言及する to the flooded gums of this 明言する／公表する.

"From the above point the country 似ているs in its features that which 国境s all the rivers of New South むちの跡s the course of which is west of the Blue Mountains, 変化させるing alternately on each bank into hilly points and 広範囲にわたる flats. The hills are covered with magnificent Angophoras, Zamias, and Xanthorrhœa. The 国／地域 is a rich red loam of very 広大な／多数の／重要な depth, throwing up a luxuriant herbage, amongst which I 観察するd Anigozanthus rufus, Clematis aristata, and a beautiful 種類 of Borya (?) The flats, which are composed of the richest brown loam, equal to any on the east, are thinly studded with gigantic blue gums, and 時折の （土地などの）細長い一片s of suffrutescent Acacias and papilionaceous shrubs, 占領するing in this country the same 状況／情勢 in the 地理学 of its botany as the green wattle in New South むちの跡s. Banksia and Zamia are still seen on the high lands.

"It is worthy of 発言／述べる that, in New South むちの跡s, the presence of Banksia, Zamia, and Xanthorrhœa are considered sure criterions of a bad 国／地域; and, such 存在 the impression on my mind, I pronounced all the land on which they were seen to grow to be sterile, until I 診察するd a 山の尾根 on the banks, producing them in 広大な／多数の／重要な luxuriance, when, to my astonishment, I 設立する the 国／地域 to be a red earth of 広大な／多数の／重要な depth, producing the most luxuriant Brome grass.

"In 割合, as we 上がる the river, the flats 増加する in breadth and luxuriance, each 存在 支援するd by a terrace of forest land of the finest description, 延長するing for miles from the river, and 似ているing in character those seen on the banks of the Macquarie River, west of Wellington Valley. On その上の 観察, に向かって the source of the river, these flats were seen to 延長する to the base of the mountains, interspersed with （土地などの）細長い一片s of good forest land, on which I 観察するd a かなりの 部分 of stringy bark (62). The variety of 工場／植物s seen on this tract was 広大な／多数の／重要な; amongst the new ones I 観察するd I may enumerate seven 種類 of Hakea, a 種類 of Lambertia (63), four 種類 of Isopogon, three 種類 of Leptospermum, a 種類 of Petrophila, and a liliaceous 工場／植物 not seen in flower. Banksia grandis was 発言／述べるd in a stunted 明言する／公表する.

(62.) No stringy bark 存在するs, but this would 言及する to the jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata).

(63.) Lambertia multiflora, with yellow flowers.

West Australian Aborigines (2).

1. Fitzroy River Native, Age 25; 高さ 5ft. 9in.

2. Broome Woman in 嘆く／悼むing (hair dressed with clay, wilgie and fat).

3.Kimberley Natives. 4. Man, Broome, Age 25; 高さ 5ft. 9ｽin.

"The base of the mountains (which was 指名するd Darling's 範囲, in 栄誉（を受ける） of General Darling) is covered with fragments of quartz and chalcedony. The 国／地域 is a red sandy loam. Here I 観察するd a 種類 of Hakea with holly-形態／調整d leaves (64). その上の up the 国／地域 改善するs to a light-brown loam, but, from its rocky nature, is incapable of cultivation. I saw a beautiful 種類 of Dryandra, and a 種類 of Hakea and several syngenesious 工場／植物s. The 首脳会議 of the mountain is studded with noble Angophoras. Here, too, I 設立する a beautiful 種類 of Arthropodium (65) with filiform leaves, an arborescent 種類 of Hakea (66), a 種類 of Dryandra, and two 種類 of Isopogon. The 見解（をとる） from this 首脳会議 is 広範囲にわたる, 似ているing that seen from Princess Charlotte's Valley, which I 証言，証人／目撃するd in 1817 (67)—vide Oxley's 定期刊行物—but divested of the 永久の 押し寄せる／沼地s. The highest part of the 範囲 is of ironstone, but it is remarkable that there is no underwood. The 範囲s are of equal 高さ, so that no 見解（をとる） could be had to the eastward.

(64.) Hakea with holly-形態／調整d leaves would be either H. glabella, cristata, or amplexicaulis.

(65.) Arthropodium Preissii.

(66.) Hakea glabella.

(67.) Fraser was 以前は a 私的な 兵士 in the army, and Oxley alludes to him as "Fraser, our 兵士-botanist."

"At the source of the river I 観察するd thickets of an arborescent 種類 of Acacia, and gigantic thistles (6[8]) 11 feet in 高さ. Here I 設立する a magnificent 種類 of Hibiscus (69) with brilliant sky-blue flowers, and a 種類 of Euphorbia (70). The 山の尾根s on the banks are perforated with 巨大な numbers of 深い 炭坑，オーケストラ席s, the origin or 原因（となる） of which we could not at first ascertain. They 証明するd to be made by the natives for the 目的 of catching land tortoises, with which these 山の尾根s abound.

(68.) These thistles must have been introduced, probably by the French in their 探検 of the Swan.

(69.) May be Hibiscus hakeaefolius.

(70.) Euphorbia. May 言及する to Phyllanthus calcinus, which is やめる a ありふれた Euphorbiaceous 工場／植物.

"We 設立する the river to be navigable until it almost 中止するs to be a stream, or where there is not room for a boat to pass (71). The water is fresh 16 miles below its navigable source, and that at the end of a very 乾燥した，日照りの season; what, therefore, must it be in the wet season? (72). Mons. Freycinet (73) 明言する／公表するs that he 設立する no fresh water, although he was in the country during the rains, a 決定的な proof that we must have 侵入するd at least 25 miles higher than he did. We saw nothing of the lake (74) laid 負かす／撃墜する by him, and 裁判官 it to be a 押し寄せる／沼地. The 供給（する） of water from 地下組織の springs into the river must be 巨大な, for it is impossible that the springs at the source could furnish such a 量 of fresh water (75). The tide at the 入り口 of the Swan River was not 観察するd to rise above 2 feet, even at spring tides and at the source it was hardly observable.

(71.) The furthest 部分 of the Swan shown on Stirling's 地図／計画する is its junction with Ellen's Brook (指名するd after his wife). The river now is navigable beyond this.

(72.) This is 驚くべき／特命の／臨時の, as that part of the river shown by Stirling as "river-water fresh here" would scarcely be as far as the 現在の 場所／位置 of Guildford, where it is only fresh with the winter rains.

(73.) There is no について言及する in P駻on's 定期刊行物 of Mons. Freycinet (who was a 中尉／大尉／警部補) 存在 in Midshipman Heirisson's boat.

(74) The French, on their 地図／計画する, showed a "pond" of fresh water on the west 味方する of the river, の近くに to its bank, at the termination of their 調査する. This would be about the 場所／位置 of Guildford.

(75.) The river has a much longer course than was 嫌疑者，容疑者／疑うd for many years. It may be said to rise some distance to the east of Pingelly, and taking a northerly course flows through Beverley, York, Northam, and Newcastle, under the 指名する of the Avon; from Toodyay it takes a westerly course, through the Darling 範囲, 負かす／撃墜する to Guildford, etc.

"The 気候 during our stay was the most delightful I ever experienced, the 温度計 seldom 範囲ing above 85 deg.; the nights agreeably 冷静な／正味の. The sea-微風s 始める，決める in at two hours after sunrise, and 中止する at sunset, when they are すぐに 後継するd by the land-微風, which, even in February (76), is so agreeable that, while 調査するing the river, we preferred sleeping in the open 空気／公表する to 宿泊するing in テントs.

(76.) This is a serious mistake by Fraser, as the English party visited the Swan River in March, 1827—not February, as 明言する／公表するd. The summer ends in March, while the 気温 in February is the hottest in the year. The exact dates are as follow:—January 17: H.M.S. "Success" sailed from Sydney, and on the 27th 錨，総合司会者d in the Derwent, in 先頭 Diemen's Land. February 8: Left the Derwent, and on March 5 arrived off Rottnest Island, March 8: The first gig and 切断機，沿岸警備艇 entered the Swan River, which was 診察するd by the 14th; and, after another day spent by the gig in 調査するing the Moreau (Canning River), the 残りの人，物 of the time, to March 20, was 雇うd in 調査するing the islands of Rottnest, Bu稍he, and Berthollet. March 21: Stood to sea, and after 診察するing G駮graphe Bay and Cape Naturaliste, 錨，総合司会者d at King George Sound on April 2. April 4: Stood to sea, with a strong 微風 from the S.W., and at 10 p.m. on the 15th 錨，総合司会者d at Port Jackson.

The Three Graces of Leonora andother Aborigines of the Eastern Goldfields.

"The 量 of 黒人／ボイコット swans (77), pelicans, ducks, and aquatic birds seen on the river was truly astonishing. Without any exaggeration, I have seen a number of 黒人／ボイコット swans which could not be 概算の at いっそう少なく than 500 rise at once, 展示（する）ing a spectacle which, if the size and color of the bird is taken into account, and the noise and rustling occasioned by the flapping of their wings previous to their rising, is やめる unique in its 肉親，親類d. We frequently had from 12 to 15 of them in the boats, and the 乗組員s thought nothing of devouring eight roasted swans in a day.

(77.) The 黒人／ボイコット swan (Chenopis atrata) is not a true swan, but an 連合した form. It was first 観察するd by Vlaming on January 5, 1697, when he 指名するd the river after them. It is not, however, 排他的に 限定するd to this part of Australia. These birds were nearly 皆殺しにするd from the river, but having been 得るd from other places are now again seen upon the waters of the Swan. Gould says:—"Our celebrated 同国人 and 航海士, Cook, 観察するd it on several parts of the coast. I may 明言する／公表する that the 黒人／ボイコット swan is 一般に 分配するd over the whole of the southern 部分 of Australia, the islands in Bass' 海峡s, and the still more southern country of Tasmania, wherever there are rivers, estuaries of the sea, lagoons, and pools of water of any extent. In some instances it occurs in such numbers that flocks of many hundreds may be seen together, 特に on those 武器 of the sea which after passing the beach-line of the coast 拡大する into 広大な／多数の／重要な sheets of shallow water, on which the birds are seldom 乱すd either by the 軍隊 of boisterous 勝利，勝つd or the 侵入占拠s of the natives. In the white man, however, the 黒人／ボイコット swan finds an enemy so deadly that in many parts, where it was 以前は 非常に／多数の, it has been almost, if not 完全に, extirpated." Of pelicans, the only 種類 設立する in the 明言する／公表する (Pelecanus conspicillatus) is still to be seen on the river, while ducks たびたび（訪れる） its reaches above Heirisson's Islands.

"The animals are the same as in New South むちの跡s—the kangaroo (78), emu, native dog, etc. Fish were abundant, and the Sound 群れているd with tiger sharks (79).

(78.) Kangaroos, emus, etc., after nearly eighty years' 占領／職業, have 自然に been driven その上の afield, and are still plentiful in some parts of Western Australia. Fish, also, are abundant, although the grounds have been ひどく worked by Greeks and Italians fur some years past, while the river itself has been almost denuded of its finny inhabitants by the reprehensible allowance of 逮捕する-fishing. Another factor is the use of trawls for prawn-catching, the constant dragging over the 底（に届く） destroying the ground piscine food and 乱すing their 産む／飼育するing-grounds. 修正するd 法律制定 for the 保護 of food fishes is 緊急に needed.

(79.) Dr. Gunther says:—"The tiger shark (Stegostoma tigrinum) is one of the commonest and handsomest sharks of the Indian Ocean. The ground color is a brownish yellow, and the whole fish is ornamented with 黒人／ボイコット or brown transverse 禁止（する）d or 一連の会議、交渉／完成するd 位置／汚点／見つけ出すs. It is a littoral 種類, but adult 見本／標本s, which are from 10 to 15 feet long, are not rarely met far from land. It is easily recognised by its enormously long blade-like tail, which is half as long as the whole fish." At Sydney the carpet shark, or wobbegong (Crossorhinus barbatus), is often erroneously called the tiger shark; and, as the fish are still to be 設立する at Rottnest, it is possible Fraser meant these, and not the true tiger shark of the Indian Ocean. The French also 公式文書，認めるd the very large number of sharks that hung 一連の会議、交渉／完成する their ship off Rottnest in 1801. They are far いっそう少なく plentiful now.

"The few natives which we saw were not 性質の／したい気がして to behave ill; on the contrary, they seemed much alarmed at first, but soon 伸び（る）d 信用／信任. We gave them some 黒人／ボイコット swans, which they 熱望して 受託するd, and we dressed several of them in the old jackets of our 海洋s. They had, indeed, a most ludicrous 外見, and seemed like men in shackles. It is worthy of 発言／述べる that these savages have no means of 航海, and rather show a horror of the water. Their 武器 are the same as those of the natives of New South むちの跡s, their 着せる／賦与するing and 外見 平等に loathsome.

"The advantages which this country 持つ／拘留するs out to 植民／開拓者s above those in New South むちの跡s—besides the important circumstance of its 周辺 to India, the Spice Islands, Java, the Mauritius, and the Cape of Good Hope, and 独立した・無所属 of its 状況／情勢 as a place of call for East India and 中国 ships—are, in the first place: The 広大な／多数の／重要な 緩和する with which a 植民／開拓者 can bring his land into cultivation, the forests 普通の／平均（する）ing not more than eight to ten trees per acre; secondly, the 施設 with which he can bring his produce to market, either by land or water, the coast 存在 平易な of 接近 on any part 近づく the river, and no 妨害s (80) 存在するing in the 内部の; thirdly, the 広大な／多数の／重要な 豊富 of fresh water of the best 質, an advantage which New South むちの跡s, east of the Blue Mountains, does not 所有する, excepting on the 即座の banks of rivers and creeks; fourthly, the 広大な／多数の／重要な 豊富 of 石灰岩.

(80.) This is not the fact. The sandy nature of the land is a serious 妨害 in the 事柄 of roads for carriage of produce and goods, and road 構成要素 in the country 一般に is absent where 農業の 開発 is practical.

Beagle Bay Natives Under the Care of カトリック教徒 Missionaries.

Above: Native （軍の）野営地，陣営 at Beagle Bay.

Below: Group of Aboriginals listening to the missionary's speech.

"Ten miles from the 入り口 of the Swan River, the Moreau of the French 支店s off to the south, によれば the 報告（する）／憶測 of the party who went to 調査する it. It seems of equal extent with the Swan River, and the country on its banks is of the same description.

"The island of Berthollet, distant one mile from Bu稍he, is a barren inhospitable 位置／汚点／見つけ出す, producing 豊富 of hares, 調印（する）s, and mutton birds. Its shores 現在の many tesselated cliffs of 石灰岩, 似ているing the turrets of a Gothic cathedral. There is no water on this island.

"The island of Bu稍he is composed principally of low 山の尾根s of light sandy loam, 横断するing the island from north to south, and 終結させるing on the south with high cliffs or banks of sand, the loftiest parts of which are thickly covered with Cypress (Calytris), and the surface, に向かって the sea, is かなり interrupted by 石灰岩 激しく揺するs. The 国／地域, though light, appears to me—from the 巨大な thickets of a 種類 of Solanum (81) which it produces, and which 達成するs the 高さ of 10 feet—to be 有能な of producing any description of light garden 刈るs. The 内部の of these 山の尾根s are singularly divided by transverse dykes or banks, forming 深い 炭坑，オーケストラ席s, which receive all the water from the 山の尾根s, the dykes 妨げるing its escape さもなければ than by absorption. The 炭坑，オーケストラ席s are covered with gigantic Solana, and a beautiful 種類 of Brunonia. Fresh water may be 設立する on each of these islands by digging 2 feet 深い. The north 味方する of the island is in many places covered with 広範囲にわたる thickets of arborescent Metrosideros, and the 国／地域 I 設立する to be of a very 罰金 brown loam, studded with detached 封鎖するs of 石灰岩, and susceptible of producing any description of 刈る. In one of these thickets we （種を）蒔くd さまざまな sorts of culinary seeds and introduced several 工場／植物s of the 白人指導者べったりの東洋人.

(81.) May be Solanum simile.

"The coast に向かって Point Cockburn is thickly studded with Cypress; the 国／地域 a light sand. Here we 設立する 豊富 of fresh water on the beach, 同様に as in Cypress thickets beyond the 影響（力） of the sea My 観察s did not 延長する beyond Port Cockburn; but, from the 外見 of the country, I 疑問 not its 存在 of the same 質 as that already 述べるd.

"Between the 小島s of Berthollet and Bu稍he is the 入り口 for ships 製図／抽選 more than 16 feet of water into Port Cockburn (82). 大型船s 製図／抽選 いっそう少なく than 16 feet can run 直接／まっすぐに across the Sound, from the 入り口 of Swan River to Port Cockburn. 大型船s of any burthen can proceed up the Sound to the 入り口 of the river, where there is good 船の停泊地, with plenty of room to （警官の）巡回区域，受持ち区域 out should the 勝利，勝つd come to blow hard from the north-west.

(82.) Now called Rockingham.

"It is remarkable that on the shores of the Sound, at the 入り口 to the river, there is not a perpendicular 高さ of 5 feet from the line of low water to that of vegetation, a proof that there is never any 激しい 天候 in the Sound. There is no surf, and boats may land on any part of the main. On the 妨げる／法廷，弁護士業, at the 入り口, there is only 1 fathom of water (83), but that is always smooth. Port Cockburn is only distant eight miles from it, where there is room for the largest (n)艦隊／(a)素早い, with 7 fathoms of water within 20 yards of the shore, and this perfectly land-locked.

(83.) At a 激しい expense this 妨げる／法廷，弁護士業 has been 除去するd, and a channel of 34 feet 供給するd into the Port of Fremantle.

"訴訟／進行 from the mouth of the river along Baie G駮graphe the 外見 of the country is 特に pleasing.

"The shore seems 井戸／弁護士席 着せる／賦与するd with 木材／素質, and the foliage is of the richest green. The 観察s taken here 確認する me in my opinion that the 主要な／長／主犯 part of the 木材／素質 consists of Eucalyptus. I saw no trace of Banksia or of Casuarina.

"From the shore the country is seen to rise 徐々に into gentle undulating hills, separated 明らかに by valleys of かなりの size, the whole 終結させるd by a magnificent 範囲 of hills, thickly covered with 激しい 木材／素質 延長するing all along the bay.

"At the 長，率いる of the bay the feature of the country changes, 展示（する）ing bold hills, with large 集まりs of granite, in many instances jutting into the sea with かなりの grandeur. The hills, too, are （疑いを）晴らす of 木材／素質, with the exception of some stunted Eucalyptus, and are divided by beautiful winding valleys, in each of which is a small stream, and a 国／地域 of richest loam, throwing up 巨大な 量s of herbaceous 工場／植物s, amongst which I 観察するd thistles (84) of 11 feet in 高さ. I 設立する the 国／地域, on examination, to 越える 10 feet in depth. On digging the sand on the beach we 設立する 豊富 of Swan, some thistle seeds were accidentally introduced.

"At Cape Naturaliste the character of the 国／地域 continues without any 明白な change, but in the 地質学の structure there is a very 広大な／多数の／重要な difference. Here are 巨大な cliffs, 現在のing at their base large beds of granite and schistose 激しく揺する, passing alternately into each other, and 観察するing in their 下落する an angle of 15deg. They were seen occasionally to enclose 巨大な 集まりs of pudding-石／投石する, and an 驚くべき／特命の／臨時の aggregate 含む／封じ込めるing petrifactions of bivalve 爆撃するs and other 海洋 生産／産物s, every part of which was covered with minute 水晶s of lime. Large 集まりs of felspar were seen 横断するing these beds in さまざまな directions, and of さまざまな thickness. The granite 激しく揺する was 後継するd by a bed of micaceous schist, in an 前進するd 行う／開催する／段階 of decomposition, over which were 観察するd several caverns, which were 設立する to 含む／封じ込める 激しく揺する-salt in crystallised 集まりs in large 量s. The 激しく揺する is 分解するd pudding-石／投石する, 含む／封じ込めるing さまざまな sorts of granite, the salt having 侵入するd the most compact parts of the granite. The base of the cavern is a coarse sandstone, the whole covered with 石灰岩. The southern extreme of the cape consists of lofty cliffs, 現在のing two 範囲s of superb caverns, the lowest of which we 調査するd (85). The 広大な／多数の／重要な or outer cavern is about 40 feet high at the 入り口, 40 feet in breadth, and about 90 feet in depth. Into this cavern the sea rolls at high water, over 巨大な 封鎖するs of granite, in awful grandeur. The stalactites in the cavern are many of them from 20 to 25 feet in length, covered with minute Cryptogamic vegetables of fantastic colors and form. The 塀で囲むs are 着せる／賦与するd with the same 実体s, which give to the whole an 驚くべき／特命の／臨時の 外見. The second cavern is 際立った from the first. The 入り口 is about 20 feet in 高さ and 20 in breadth, 増加するing in 高さ and breadth その上の in. The stalactites and stalagmites are abundant, and of the purest white. The former were 観察するd to 越える 15 feet in length. There was a remarkable circumstance 観察するd at the 入り口 of the cavern, the stalactites 存在 all bent outwards, as if a 強風 of 勝利，勝つd was perpetually blowing through the cavern. The three 後継するing ones are of minor importance, but all 含む／封じ込めるing stalactites.

(85.) 隣接するing the 海洋 caverns of Cape Naturaliste is a 一連の 石灰岩 洞穴s, 延長するing about 50 miles to the 近隣 of Cape Hamelin, which have been opened out by the 政府. In some 尊敬（する）・点s they 競争相手, if not より勝る, the Jenolan 洞穴s of New South むちの跡s.

"The 外見 of the cliffs and caverns from the sea is exceedingly grand. It is impossible to pass along the beach 14 yards without crossing a stream which 問題／発行するs from 洞穴s of 石灰岩, and which forms banks of 爆撃するs, 海草, 石／投石するs, and whatever 実体s may come within their reach, incrusting them in a most beautiful manner.

"Such, indeed, were the attractions of the country that we all felt sorry on leaving it."

H.M.S. "Success".

{Page 29}

An Account of the 探検隊／遠征隊 of H.M.S. "Success",

Captain James Stirling, R.N., from Sydney, to the Swan River, in 1827.

BY AUGUSTUS H. GILBERT, CLERK OF H.M.S. "SUCCESS."

We sailed from Sydney on Wednesday, 17th January, having on board as 乗客s Mr. Fraser, 植民地の Botanist, and Mr. Garling, of this place, in company with a 切断機，沿岸警備艇 大（公）使館員d to the "Success" by the 知事, for the 目的 of 存在 雇うd in 調査するing the coast and to carry 準備／条項s to King George Sound, where an 幼児 解決／入植地 has been formed, and which I shall speak of in the course of my letter. On the Friday に引き続いて we parted company, finding she sailed so indifferently that we ran away from her under 二塁打-暗礁d topsails and 最高の，を越す-gallant sails, while she had all sails （人が）群がるd.

On Sunday we 遭遇（する）d a 厳しい 強風 of 勝利，勝つd, which, 継続している only twenty hours, did us little or no 傷害, and from this time we had light 勝利，勝つd, and nothing of any 利益／興味 occurred till the 27th January, in the evening of which day we （機の）カム to an 錨，総合司会者 in the River Derwent, Hobart Town. The 資本／首都 of 先頭 Diemen's Land is 据えるd about thirty miles from the 入り口 of this river, at the base of a lofty mountain. The next morning we 重さを計るd, and ran up to this town. The different 見解（をとる）s in passing up the river were most 利益／興味ing. The little farms and 罰金 熟した とうもろこし畑／穀物畑s that adorned either 味方する of this beautiful river reminded me 堅固に of England. The variety of 色合いs the 広範囲にわたる forests afforded at that season of autumn, together with the romantic 外見 of the cloud-capped mountains, 特に the one under which the town is 築くd, gratified the taste of every lover of the 作品 of Nature in the most ample manner.

The town is 井戸／弁護士席 planned, and is 広範囲にわたる, considering the short time that it has been in 存在 (about thirteen years), and appears to be 速く 増加するing. This town 所有するs some natural advantages over Sydney, which （判決などを）下すs it a more 望ましい place of 住居; it is not 支配する to those sudden changes from heat to 冷淡な, and the 国／地域 is far superior and much deeper than at Sydney. All the necessaries of life are to be procured here in 豊富, 特に vegetables, which 繁栄する during the whole of the year. They have not 築くd a market place, which is an evil much complained of by the inhabitants, making the price of 準備／条項s, although abundant, 過度に high, little or 非，不，無 存在 brought in from the country; there is one now, I believe, in contemplation, which will すぐに be built. During our short stay we had many 訪問者s, and we received several 招待s, the inhabitants 存在 much pleased with our arrival, and anxious to show us every attention. の中で those who （機の）カム on board was the son of one of the 主要な／長／主犯 長，指導者s of New Zealand. He was brought on board by Captain Wilson, late of the Hon. East India Company's service, now a merchant of this place. This young 長，指導者 had the misfortune to be 難破させるd in New South むちの跡s, in one of Mr. Wilson's 大型船s, and only escaped with his life by 存在 an excellent swimmer. He had an intelligent open countenance, and appeared quickly to comprehend the use of the different things on board on 存在 explained to him. On the Wednesday に引き続いて we went 負かす／撃墜する the river to を待つ the arrival of the 切断機，沿岸警備艇, and （機の）カム to an 錨，総合司会者 between Beanis Island and Pierson's Point, sixteen miles from the town. As there was now no probability of getting to the town, we went 岸に at these places 狙撃, there 存在 many kangaroos, quail, parrots, a beautiful 種類 of pigeon, etc. We thus passed our time agreeably till the 8th February, when the 切断機，沿岸警備艇 arrived, having experienced a 激しい 強風 of 勝利，勝つd for ten days. She had carried away her にわか景気 and gaff in two places, and was さもなければ かなり 損失d. Several 長，率いる of 在庫／株, 含むing two cows, which she had on board for King George Sound, died. We すぐに sent the carpenter and sail-製造者 on board; and, having 完全にするd the necessary 修理s by evening, we 重さを計るd and stood out to sea in company with her. We had a 罰金 穏健な 微風 at first, but the next day it changed to a fresh （警官の）巡回区域，受持ち区域ing 微風 with 時折の squalls. The 切断機，沿岸警備艇 continued in company till the 13th, when, finding that she 証明するd a 広大な／多数の／重要な drawback to our 進歩, we hove to, and sent a boat on board with orders for her to make the best of her way to Swan River. If, however, she could not 一連の会議、交渉／完成する Cape Leeuwin on the 15th March, on that day to 耐える up for King George Sound; and, if she could not reach that place by the 20th, to 形態／調整 a course for Sydney. We now filled and made sail, and lost sight of her. On the 4th March we 天候d Cape Leeuwin, and on the 5th arrived off Rottnest Island, a place 述べるd by the French as 存在 a terrestial 楽園 (1) but we 設立する it a barren place, not 所有するing the slightest 誘導 for anyone to settle, the whole island 存在 almost 完全に composed of sand, covered with brushwood. There is a 広大な number of the small 種類 of kangaroo on this island. The next day we sailed toward the Swan River, distant about ten miles, and （機の）カム to an 錨，総合司会者, off the mouth of the river distant three miles. We sent a boat into the river, and on its return the 乗組員 gave us an unfavorable account of the 入り口, there 存在 a 妨げる／法廷，弁護士業 of sand and 激しく揺するs, with scarcely 十分な water for a boat to pass over in safety, but すぐに over this 妨げる／法廷，弁護士業 they got into 深い water, having from 4 to 10 fathoms (2). They 発射 several 黒人／ボイコット swans, a remarkable bird 設立する in 広大な／多数の／重要な numbers there. This bird is about the size of the white swan, and perfectly 黒人／ボイコット, with the exception of the quill feathers at the tip of the wings, which are white. The 法案, 脚s, and eyelids are red, and they 飛行機で行く in flocks. They are rather 甚だしい／１２ダース, but さもなければ good eating. The next day (Wednesday) we proceeded to the island of Berthollet (Carnac), when we moored ship. This island is a mere 集まり of 激しく揺する, intersected here and there with brushwood, the 訴える手段／行楽地 of sea birds, 産む／飼育するing here in 広大な numbers, every part of it 存在 covered with 穴を開けるs 類似の to a rabbit 過密な住居. The next day (Thursday, March 8) 存在 直す／買収する，八百長をするd for the 探検隊／遠征隊 up the river, the first gig and 切断機，沿岸警備艇 were ordered to 持つ／拘留する themselves in 準備完了. At 8 o'clock they accordingly started from the ship, the boats 存在 victualled for a fortnight and 井戸／弁護士席 武装した. The 反対する of this was to proceed, if possible, to the source of the river, to 診察する the banks, the depth of water, to 直す／買収する，八百長をする on an 適格の 位置／汚点／見つけ出す for a 解決／入植地, to ascertain the 生産／産物s of the country, the nature of the 国／地域, and the practicability of forming a harbor for shipping; and I am happy. to 明言する／公表する that our 期待s are fully realised, and that our 報告（する）／憶測 has given so much satisfaction to the 知事 that an 即座の 解決／入植地 is to be formed there; The boats proceeded about twenty (3) miles up the river the first day, when they were 妨げるd going その上の by 会合 with the flats, that here 延長するd themselves the whole width of the river, and one and a-half (1ｽ) miles in length. They were 減ずるd to the necessity of taking everything out of the boats, and 上陸 them on one of the many islands that are formed in this part of the river by the floods, and to drag the boats over by main 軍隊, there not 存在 十分な water to float the gig. In doing this the party were above their 膝s in mud, and 強いるd to walk over 広範囲にわたる beds of oyster 爆撃するs, which lacerated their feet very much. The next day (Friday), however, they got the boats over and continued their course up the river. It is strange that すぐに on getting over these flats they 設立する 深い water of nearly 8 fathoms. The river, after running two miles to the eastward, takes a N.N.E. serpentine direction. The scenery was delightful—the trees growing to the water's 辛勝する／優位, the transparency of the river, the mountains and plains alternately appearing, and the picturesque points and bays, formed the most 利益／興味ing scenery possible, and this place only 要求するs a little 援助 from art to （判決などを）下す it one of the most delightful 位置／汚点／見つけ出すs on earth. On Sunday they first 観察するd the natives, two children were playing on the shore, who, すぐに on perceiving the boat, ran off, but in a few minutes they could see about two hundred watching them from behind trees and the 最高の，を越すs of the hills. We continued our course for some time without noticing them, and the natives kept moving along the shore with their spears in their 手渡すs, making 調印するs for our people to come on shore. They having followed for some time, we put on shore, and all the natives on this 退却／保養地d に向かって a hill 近づく the 位置／汚点／見つけ出す except five rather 年輩の men, who すぐに laid 負かす／撃墜する their spears and made 調印するs of friendship by 持つ／拘留するing their 武器 over their 長，率いるs, etc. Mr. Belches, third 中尉／大尉／警部補, went out to 会合，会う them, but upon another に引き続いて him they showed strong symptoms of alarm, snatched up their spears, and would have fled had not the person 即時に returned to the boat. By making 調印するs of peace, and giving them some 現在のs, they soon became more 平易な and familiar. They seemed 特に fond of bread and sugar, but they could not relish the salt meat. These people are about the middle size, 所有するing rather intelligent countenances than さもなければ, and live in the most simple 明言する／公表する possible; they walk upright, are small made, their thighs 存在 no larger than the calf of a 脚 of a ありふれた-sized man; this may be 借りがあるing to the small 量 of animal food they take, living 主として on roots and berries, and their 所有するing no 効果的な 器具s for 冒険的な, fishing, or 追跡（する）ing. They go in tribes of twenty or thirty, and each tribe has its 長，指導者 (4), whom they obey and 尊敬（する）・点. They speak an uncouth and 厳しい language (5), and when they 表明する either 賞賛, surprise, or 楽しみ they vociferate several times the word "Quabba." They have only these 武器s, at least we only saw these amongst them—すなわち, the spear, knife, and tomahawk (6). The spear is formed of a 種類 of reed that grows in 豊富 here. These spears are from 8 to 11 feet long, and they fasten a small piece of 支持を得ようと努めるd at the end of it to form a barb; this 支持を得ようと努めるd they sharpen with 石／投石するs to a point, and 安全な・保証する it to the spear with the gut of the kangaroo, and 強化する it with the gum that is 設立する here in large 量s. They throw them with 広大な／多数の／重要な 軍隊 and 訂正する exactness. The tomahawk is 簡単に formed of a small piece of 支持を得ようと努めるd, about 18 インチs long, with a 石／投石する at the end, fastened only by gum. The knife is also formed of 石／投石する, sharpened by others, but this is the meanest 陳謝 for a knife I ever saw. The natives are almost perfectly naked, having 単に a 禁止（する）d about 3 インチs wide 一連の会議、交渉／完成する their waists, made of the bark of a tree. The 長，指導者s paint themselves with a sort of red clay, and 新たな展開 their hair, which is long (7), 一連の会議、交渉／完成する their 長，率いるs, binding it with the feathers of the cockatoo and swan. The 長，指導者s have likewise feathers through their ears, and a 選び出す／独身 quill feather through the septum of the nose (8). On Monday, March 12, we reached the source of the river, which latterly had become so 狭くする that we were 強いるd to boat the mast and pull, the trees overhanging on both 味方するs so as to 妨げる our sailing. Here we 野営するd (9) for that and the に引き続いて day, and passed our time in 診察するing the country. We 発射 as many swans and ducks as we 要求するd, and Mr. Fraser made a large collection of さまざまな 工場／植物s. On Wednesday, having got the things into the boat, we 開始するd our passage 負かす／撃墜する the river. The boats had not proceeded far before both got 突き破るd from the large 量 of stumps of trees that had fallen into the river. We 修理d this 損失 and reached the flats. The captain here ordered the first gig to proceed up another of the rivers (10) and ascertain the depth of water and how far it 延長するd, but not to proceed その上の than to be enabled to be on board by sunset the に引き続いて evening The 切断機，沿岸警備艇 continued her course 負かす／撃墜する the river, and reached the ship a little after midnight in safety. The gig returned the next night at 10 o'clock, having proceeded as far up the river as they could 終始一貫して with the order to be on board by sunset. It is worthy of 発言／述べる that the whole way the gig went she had 5 fathoms water, and it was 平等に 深い and 幅の広い at the place from which they 開始するd their return as at first, while the water was 極端に salt. On the gig's returning 負かす／撃墜する the river she fell in with another party of natives, who were more timid than those we had 観察するd up the river. The boat was 強いるd to pull on and off the shore for some time, and make every 記念品 and 調印する of friendship before these natives could be 勝つ／広く一帯に広がるd on to remain while they landed. At last one or two remained, when one of our people landed and gave them some 現在のs. They soon became more friendly. One of the boat's 乗組員 gave the 長，指導者 a jacket, and another a pair of trousers, and it was strange to 観察する him 努力する to put it on as the other had put on his jacket, thrusting his 武器 through the places for his 脚s. It was curious, also, to 観察する the natives put their fingers and rub them on our people's 肌, and then look to see if anything （機の）カム off, 存在 fully 説得するd they were painted. The natives opened their waistcoats, and laughed much when they 観察するd that their breasts were the same color as their 手渡すs and 直面するs. Our people 安全な・保証するd several spears from them and parted good friends. We were 雇うd from this time in 調査するing the islands of Rottnest, Bu稍he, and Berthollet, with the 隣接する 激しく揺するs, and the coast on each 味方する of the river. I had almost forgot that we made two gardens about fifteen miles (11) up the river, and another on Bu稍he, and （種を）蒔くd several descriptions of garden vegetables and corn. We left on Bu稍he a cow, three goats, and three sheep with young, etc.

(1) Rottnest Island was not called by the French a terrestial 楽園, but a very 訂正する description of the island which is diversified by hill, valley, and salt lakes, was given by them.

(2) すぐに over the 妨げる／法廷，弁護士業 the depth of water was about three or four fathoms, and this was followed by a number of sandbanks, some of which, 近づく the 鉄道 橋（渡しをする）, still 存在する.

(3) Really twelve miles.

(4) The aborigines of Australia have no 長，指導者s in the proper sense of the 称する，呼ぶ／期間／用語. Their most 専門家 and powerful 軍人s are 恐れるd and obeyed, bat can scarcely be said to 治める／統治する.

(5) Some 当局 consider the aboriginal dialects to be soft and mellifluous.

(6) In 新規加入 to these are others, 顕著に the boomerang, womerah and nullah.

(7) The hair of the natives of Australia is short and curly as a general 支配する; in some instances the tail of the dingo has been introduced and 負傷させる 一連の会議、交渉／完成する the 最高の，を越す of the 長，率いる, which no 疑問 deceived the 訪問者s.

(8) Usually a small bone of the kangaroo or a piece of 支持を得ようと努めるd is passed through the septum of the nose.

(9) This （軍の）野営地，陣営 was at the junction of Ellen's Brook, 指名するd after Mrs. Stirling. There is a sketch of the （軍の）野営地，陣営 at the Public Library, but the trees are not true.

(10) Canning River.

(11) Eleven or twelve miles.

1. Natives 準備するing for Corroboree at Broome.

2. Aboriginal 武器s 展示（する）d at Perth Museum.

Eucalyptus calophylla, the Red Gum of Western Australia, Erroneously called Angophora by Fraser.

Our 期待s of the advantages of a 解決／入植地 at Swan River are now fully 確認するd, and although it would be impossible for 大型船s of above ten トンs 重荷（を負わせる） to enter the river at any 明言する／公表する of the tide in safety, at the 現在の 入り口, it would be practicable at small expense to 削減（する） a canal at about four miles (12) from the mouth of the river to the sea. The distance necessary to be 削減（する） is only one ４半期/4分の1 of a mile, and would すぐに lead into water of 12 fathoms (13) both in the river and in the sea. The land is rocky (14), and would afford excellent 味方するs to the canal. The 気候 is most delightful, the 国／地域 is good, and in many places exceedingly rich, and 有能な of producing any of the European vegetables and fruits 同様に as 熱帯の.

(12) Two miles.

(13) The deepest water in Rocky Bay and for some distance on the sea coast is only four fathoms. The greatest depth in the Swan is seventy feet 近づく the Chine in Freshwater Bay, and not very far from Blackwall Reach. Although the coast is known to be rising, it is 理解できない to account for such かなりの discrepancies, both in the given depths and the distances. In another direction also, Stirling 人物／姿／数字d the 高さ of some hills and mountains absurdly. 開始する William he called 3,000 feet, nearly 二塁打 its known 高度.

(14) Rocky Bay.

The 勝つ／広く一帯に広がるing botany of this place, as I have collected from Mr. Fraser, consists of the に引き続いて genera, viz.:—Eucalyptus, Banksia, Dryandra, Casuarina, Leptospermum, and a 種類 of Zamia. The hills 近づく the beach すぐに north of the 入り口 are sandy, but on 訴訟／進行 two hundred yards the 国／地域 changes to a rich red loam, of very かなりの depth (15), 改善するing as the hills are 上がるd to the richest virgin loam, and 有能な of producing any 刈る. The hills continue of the same description for seven or eight miles, beyond which their character was not 観察するd. The stony nature of these hills （判決などを）下す them admirably adapted for the culture of the vine. The islands (16) on the flats are composed of a muddy deposit, evidently brought on by the floods; their banks are covered with thickets of Casuarina and Metrosideros, and their centres with sub 海洋 succulent 工場／植物s. At Point Fraser there is a 構成要素 change observable in the botany; a magnificent 種類 of Angophora (17) is seen on the 首脳会議 of the 範囲s; the Casuarina on the banks assume a more arborescent character than any seen hitherto on the river; Banksia grandis, forming a superb feature in the botany of this part, often 越えるing 40 feet in 高さ; the Zamia is seen 達成するing the 高さ of 30 feet; its beautiful pinnated leaves, associated with the superb Xanthorreas, so abundant here, imparts to the forest an 外見 perfectly 熱帯の. 訴訟／進行 up the river, the country opens into 巨大な plains of the most fertile description. The 国／地域 is a rich brown earth, 延長するing to the base of the mountains. The forest land between the river and the 範囲s is covered with the most magnificent shrubs and stupendous Angophora (17), 占領するing the same 状況／情勢 in the 地理学 of the botany of this country that the アイロンをかける bark does on the Eastern coast. Stringy bark (18) was likewise seen on the 範囲s in かなりの 量s.

(15) Grossly 誇張するd.

(16) Heirisson's Islands.

(17) Not Angophora, but Eucalyptus calophylla, the red gum of Western Australia.

(18) The jarrah, Eucalyptus marginata.

見解（をとる） of Albany and King George the Third Sound

From this time to the 20th we were 雇うd in 調査するing the islands of Rottnest, Bu稍he, and Berthollet, but my 限界s will not 許す me to give you any particulars 尊敬（する）・点ing them. On the 21st of March we 重さを計るd and stood to leeward, steering に向かって Jurien Bay; but, the 勝利，勝つd 転換ing, we bore up for G駮graphe Bay. On the 24th we made the bay, and as we sailed along the shore に向かって it we 観察するd a party of about thirty natives on the beach. They likewise saw us, and seemed very anxious not to be left behind, and kept pace with the ship, although going five knots, till 2 o'clock, when we 錨，総合司会者d in the bay, thus having walked at least thirty miles. They then seated themselves in a 団体／死体 at the base of a mountain, abreast the ship. We collected some 現在のs, such as knives and pieces of stuff, handkerchiefs, beads, etc., and also some bread, sugar, etc., and sent them on shore. The natives seated themselves to を待つ the boats approach, and on its arrival made every 調印する of friendship and 招待するd our people on shore. We accordingly landed, and by 分配するing the 現在のs and dancing 完全に won the savages' hearts. At last two 長，指導者s 投機・賭けるd to come on board, and they were struck with astonishment at the size of the ship and the many different things they 観察するd on board, more 特に the galley 解雇する／砲火／射撃, at which they 表明するd the liveliest 楽しみ, vociferating, "Quabba, quabba!" After we had rigged them out in 水夫s' jackets, trousers, etc., we landed them, much gratified with their visit and in perfect 友好 with us.

We then 形態／調整d a course for King George Sound, and after having been （警官の）巡回区域，受持ち区域ing for several days to windward off Cape Leeuwin we, on the 2nd of April, reached our 目的地, and （機の）カム to an 錨，総合司会者 off the 入り口 of Port 王室の. The 解決／入植地 consists of about seventy persons, who landed there on the 25th December, 1826. They have 築くd several little cottages, or rather huts, made of 支持を得ようと努めるd and plastered with mud, but even in the commandant's house the 勝利，勝つd blows through in every part. The 期待s formed of King George Sound have by no means been realised; the 国／地域 is wretched, and with the 最大の care and attention they have not hitherto been able to bring anything a few インチs above the ground. The town is 据えるd at the foot of an 巨大な mountain. The harbor is excellent, and there is 十分な water for a three-decker up to the town. The people had only thirty days' 準備／条項s at half-allowance at the time we arrived, and it was thus fortunate that we touched there, for we 設立する, to our surprise, that the 切断機，沿岸警備艇 had not reached there. We had but a month's 準備／条項s remaining, and we had a voyage of 上向きs of two thousand miles to go before we could again be 供給（する）d, The captain, however, 同意d to give them all over a fortnight's 準備／条項s for the ship's company, and thus 供給（する）d them for two months at the same allowance. The day after the people arrived here, from some 誤解, the natives attacked a party of six or seven men, who had 逸脱するd a short distance from the 位置／汚点／見つけ出す they had 直す／買収する，八百長をするd on for forming their town, and 強いるd the party to make off with all 速度(を上げる） 支援する again. One man was 厳しく 負傷させるd, 存在 speared through the thigh and the 支援する. Another spear was sent through the fleshy part of the arm, which entered his 味方する, thus pinning his arm to his 味方する. In this 条件 he managed to reach his companions. He still 存在するs, but is 完全に maimed for lite. We brought him to Sydney. The natives are in other 尊敬（する）・点s perfectly 害のない; they have ingress and egress to any of the huts, and never 試みる／企てるd to take anything unless given to them. They appear to be very ill-used by the sealers, who たびたび（訪れる） this part of the coast, by 強制的に taking their women away, and 狙撃 them for the slightest offences. Just before our arrival the commandant had 原因（となる）d seven sealers to be apprehended for taking four natives to Michaelmas Island (a small barren 激しく揺する in the Sound), 殺人，大当り one, and leaving the others there with the evident 意向 of 餓死するing, and for violently taking two of their women away and 上陸 them on some part of the 本土／大陸 直接／まっすぐに away from the tribe they belonged to. They are to be tried for 殺人 the first 適切な時期 that 申し込む／申し出s to bring them to Sydney. Here, 同様に as at Swan River, they are naked, with the exception of a 調印（する） or kangaroo 肌, which they throw over their shoulders and which reaches no lower than their waist. There is no other 明らかな difference between them.

The scenery as we entered the Sound was bold and magnificent. The lofty mountains in さまざまな 形態／調整s, the curiously-formed islands, and the sea breaking violently on the 激しく揺するs, give it a most striking 影響; but there is, at the same time, a barren 外見 in the landscape that soon 疲労，（軍の）雑役s the 注目する，もくろむ of the 観客.

I had procured some 見本／標本s of a most curious 工場／植物 that 繁栄するs in this part of the globe only. It is called the 投手-工場／植物, and grows in the marshy ground here; it consists of thin stalks about 2 feet high, which produce at the 最高の，を越す small wild flowers, 類似の to the lily in form, only much smaller and 所有するing no smell. On the stalk, just above the 国／地域, grow several (three to seven) small bulbous flowers, 形態／調整d 類似の to a 投手, with a cover or 最高の，を越す to them. When there is rain, or 激しい dew, these covers 解除する up, and receive all the moisture that 落ちるs into them; on its leaving off raining, the covers shut 負かす／撃墜する, and thus 妨げる the water escaping. The 投手s thus 含む／封じ込める 十分な to 供給（する） the 工場／植物 with nourishment the whole of the 乾燥した，日照りの season, each 投手 含む／封じ込めるing from one to three spoonsful of water.

On the 4th of April we stood to sea, with a strong 微風 from the S.W., and at 10 p.m. on the 15th we 錨，総合司会者d within the 長，率いるs of Port Jackson, and 設立する that the 切断機，沿岸警備艇 had reached this place a week before us, having, while off King George Sound, carried away her rudder in a 強風 of 勝利，勝つd, which 強いるd her to 耐える up.

On the (19) King's Birthday (April 23) the 知事 (20) gave a splendid ball and supper, to which we were all 招待するd, but I have no room left for particulars.

(19) George IV. was born August 12, 1762, but on his 即位 to the 王位, in 1820, directed St. George's Day to be 観察するd as his birthday.

(20) General Sir Ralph Darling.

On Saturday, the 28th of April, the first regatta 証言，証人／目撃するd took place. It was got up on board us by Captain Stirling and Captain Ross, of the "Rainbow", and on that day we had all the beauty and flower of Sydney on board, together with the 57th 禁止（する）d, and between the races quadrilles were the order of the day. Captain Ross' boat won the pulling match, and our 切断機，沿岸警備艇 the sailing. Captain Stirling gave an excellent 冷淡な collation, and the party did not break up till late in the evening. The river (21) 現在のd one of the gayest scenes possible, and everybody was delighted.

(21) Parramatta River.

[END]

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