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A Treatise on the Astrolabe
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A Treatise on the Astrolabe

Geoffrey Chaucer, appr. 1391

Lyte Lowys my sone, I aperceyve wel by certeyne evydences thyn abilite to lerne sciences touching nombres and proporciouns; and as wel considre I thy besy praier in special to lerne the tretys of the Astrelabie. Than for as mochel as a philosofre saith, "he wrappith him in his frend, that condescendith to the rightfulle praiers of his frend," therfore have I latitude of Oxenforde; upon which, by mediacioun of this litel tretys, I 目的 to teche the a certein nombre of 結論s aperteynyng to the same 器具. I seie a certein of 結論s, for thre 原因(となる)s. The first 原因(となる) is this: 信用 wel that alle the 結論s that han be 設立する, or ellys かもしれない might be 設立する in so noble an 器具 as is an Astrelabie ben unknowe parfitly to eny mortal man in this regioun, as I suppose. An-other 原因(となる) is this, that sothly in any tretis of the Astrelabie that I have seyn there be somme 結論s that wol not in alle thinges parformen her bihestes; and somme of hem ben to harde to thy tendir age of ten yeer to conceyve.

This tretis, divided in 5 parties, wol I shewe the under 十分な light reules and naked wordes in Englissh, for Latyn ne canst thou yit but small, my litel sone. But natheles suffise to the these trewe 結論s in Englissh as wel as sufficith to these noble clerkes Grekes these same 結論s in Grek; and to Arabiens in Arabik, and to Jewes in Ebrew, and to the Latyn folk in Latyn; whiche Latyn folk had hem first out of othere dyverse langages, and writen hem in her owne tunge, that is to seyn, in Latyn. And God woot that in alle these langages and in many moo han these 結論s ben suffisantly lerned and taught, and yit by diverse reules; 権利 as diverse pathes leden diverse folk the 権利 way to Rome. Now wol I preie mekely every discret persone that redith or herith this litel tretys to have my rude endityng for excusid, and my superfluite of wordes, for two 原因(となる)s. The first 原因(となる) is for that curious endityng and hard 宣告,判決 is ful hevy at onys for such a child to lerne. And the secunde 原因(となる) is this, that sothly me semith better to writen unto a child twyes a god 宣告,判決, than he forgete it onys.

And Lowys, yf so be that I shewe the in my light Englissh as trewe 結論s touching this mater, and not oonly as trewe but as many and as subtile conclusiouns, as ben shewid in Latyn in eny commune tretys of the Astrelabie, konne me the more thank. And preie God save the king, that is lord of this langage, and alle that him feith berith and obeieth, everich in his degre, the more and the lasse. But considre wel that I ne usurpe not to have founden this werk of my 労働 or of myn engyn. I n'am but a lewd compilator of the 労働 of olde astrologiens, and have it translatid in myn Englissh oonly for thy doctrine. And with this swerd shal I sleen envie.

Prima pars. -The firste partie of this tretys shal reherse the 人物/姿/数字s and the membres of thyn Astrelabie by 原因(となる) that thou shalt have the gretter knowing of thyn owne 器具.

Secunda pars. -The secunde partie shal techen the worken the verrey practik of the forseide conclusiouns, as ferforth and as narwe as may be shewed in so small an 器具 portatif aboute. For wel woot every astrologien that smallist fraccions ne wol not be shewid in so small an 器具 as in subtile (米)棚上げする/(英)提議するs calculed for a 原因(となる).

Tertia pars. -The thirde partie shal contene diverse (米)棚上げする/(英)提議するs of longitudes and latitudes of sterres 直す/買収する,八百長をする for the Astrelabie, and (米)棚上げする/(英)提議するs of the declinacions of the sonne, and (米)棚上げする/(英)提議するs of longitudes of 特記する/引用するs and townes; and (米)棚上げする/(英)提議するs 同様に for the governaunce of a clokke, as for to fynde the 高度 meridian; and many anothir 著名な conclusioun after the kalenders of the reverent clerkes, Frere J. Somes and Frere N. Lenne.

Quarta pars. -The fourthe partie shal ben a theorike to 宣言する the moevyng of the celestiall 団体/死体s with the 原因(となる)s The whiche fourthe partie in speciall shal shewen a (米)棚上げする/(英)提議する of the verrey moeving of the mone from houre to houre every day and in every 調印する after thyn almenak. Upon which (米)棚上げする/(英)提議する there folewith a canoun suffisant to teche as wel the manere of the worchynge of the same conclusioun as to knowe in oure orizonte with which degre of the zodiak that the mone arisith in any latitude, and the arisyng of any 惑星 after his latitude fro the ecliptik lyne.

Quinta pars. -The fifthe partie shal be an introductorie, after the 法令s of oure doctours, in which thou maist lerne a gret part of the generall rewles of theorik in astrologie. In which fifthe partie shalt thou fynden (米)棚上げする/(英)提議するs of equaciouns of houses after the latitude of Oxenforde; and (米)棚上げする/(英)提議するs of dignitees of 惑星s, and othere notefull thinges, yf God wol vouche saaf and his Moder the Maide, moo then I behete.

PART I

Here begynneth the descripcioun of thin Astralabie.

1. Thyn Astrolabie hath a (犯罪の)一味 to putten on the thombe of thi 権利 hond in taking the 高さ of thinges. And tak kep, for from 女/おっせかい屋s forthward I wol clepen the 高さ of any thing that is taken by the rewle "the 高度," withoute moo wordes.

2. This ryng renneth in a maner toret 急速な/放蕩な to the moder of thyn Astrelabie in so rowm a space that it distourbith not the 器具 to hangen after his 権利 centre.

3. The moder of thin Astrelabye is thikkest plate, perced with a large hool, that resceiveth in hir wombe the thynne plates compowned for diverse clymates, and thy reet shapen in manere of a nett or of a webbe of a loppe.

4. This moder is dividid on the bakhalf with a lyne that cometh descending fro the (犯罪の)一味 doun to the netherist bordure. The whiche lyne, fro the forseide (犯罪の)一味 unto the centre of the large hool amidde, is clepid the south lyne, or ellis the lyne meridional. And the remenaunt of this lyne doun to the bordure is clepid the north lyne, or ellis the lyne of midnyght.

5. Overthwart this forseide longe lyne ther crossith him another lyne of the same lengthe from eest to west. Of the whiche lyne, from a litel cros (+) in the bordure unto the centre of the large hool, is clepid the est lyne, or ellis the lyne orientale. And the remenaunt of this lyne, fro the forseide centre unto the bordure, is clepid the west lyne, or ellis the lyne occidentale. Now hast thou here the foure 4半期/4分の1s of thin Astrolabie divided after the foure 主要な/長/主犯s plages or 4半期/4分の1s of the firmament.

6. Tlle est syde of thyn Astrolabie is clepid the 権利 syde, and the west syde is clepid the left syde. Forget not thys, litel Lowys. Put the ryng of thyn Astrolabie upon the thombe of thi 権利 hond, and than wol his 権利 味方する be toward thi 解除する 味方する, and his left 味方する wol be toward thy 権利 味方する. Tak this rewle generall, as wel on the bak as on the wombe syde. Upon the ende of this est lyne, as I first seide, is 示すd a litel cros (+), where as evere moo generaly is considerid the entring of the first degre in which the sonne arisith.

7. Fro this litel cros (+) up to the ende of the lyne meridionall, under the ryng, shalt thou fynden the bordure divided with 90 degrees; and by that same proporcioun is every 4半期/4分の1 of thin Astrolabie divided. Over the whiche degrees there ben noumbres of augrym that dividen thilke same degres fro 5 to 5, as shewith by longe strikes bitwene. Of whiche longe strikes the space bitwene contenith a myle wey, and every degre of the bordure conteneth 4 minutes, this is seien, mynutes of an houre.

8. Under the compas of thilke degrees ben writen the 指名するs of the Twelve 調印するs: as Aries, Taurus, Gemini, 癌, Leo, Virgo, Libra, Scorpio, Sagittarius, Capricornus, Aquarius, Pisces. And the nombre of the degrees of thoo 調印するs be writen in augrym above, and with longe divisiouns fro 5 to 5, dyvidid fro the tyme that the 調印する entrith unto the last ende. But understond wel that these degres of 調印するs ben everich of hem considred of 60 mynutes, and every mynute of 60 secundes, and so furth into smale fraccions infinite, as saith Alkabucius. And therfore knowe wel that a degre of the bordure contenith 4 minutes, and a degre of a 調印する conteneth 60 minutes, and have this in mynde.

9. Next this folewith the cercle of the daies, that ben 人物/姿/数字d in manere of degres, that contenen in nombre 365, dividid also with longe strikes fro 5 to 5, and the nombre in augrym writen under that cercle.

10. Next the cercle of the daies folewith the cercle of the 指名するs of the monthes, that is to say, Januarius, Februarius, Marcius, Aprilis, Maius, Junius, Julius, Augustus, September, October, November, December. The 指名するs of these monthes were clepid thus, somme for her propirtees and somme by 法令s of lordes Arabiens, somme by othre lordes of Rome. Eke of these monthes, as liked to Julius Cesar and to Cesar Augustus, somme were compouned of diverse nombres of daies, as Julie and August. Than hath Januarie 31 daies, Februarie 28, March 31, Aprill 30, May 31, Junius 30, Julius 31, Augustus 31, September 30, October 31, November 30, December 31. Natheles, all though that Julius Cesar toke 2 daies out of Feverer and putte hem in his month of Juyll, and Augustus Cesar clepid the month of August after his 指名する and ordeined it of 31 daies, yit 信用 wel that the sonne dwellith therfore nevere the more ne lasse in oon 調印する than in another.

11. Than folewen the 指名するs of the 宗教上の daies in the Kalender, and next hem the lettres of the A B C on whiche thei fallen.

12. Next the forseide cercle of the A B C, under the cross lyne, is 示すd the skale in manere of 2 squyres, or ellis in manere of laddres, that serveth by his 12 pointes and his dyvisiouns of ful many a subtil conclusioun. Of this forseide skale fro the cross lyne unto the verrey angle is clepid Umbra Versa, and the nethir partie is clepid Umbra Recta, or ellis Umbra Extensa.

13. Than hast thou a brod reule, that hath on either ende a square plate perced with certein 穴を開けるs, somme more and somme lasse, to resceyve the stremes of the sonne by day, and eke by mediacioun of thin 注目する,もくろむ to knowe the 高度 of sterres by night.

14. Than is there a large pyn in manere of an extre, that goth thorugh the 穴を開ける that 停止(させる) the (米)棚上げする/(英)提議するs of the clymates and the riet in the wombe of the moder; thorugh which pyn ther goth a litel wegge, which that is clepid the hors, that streynith all these parties to-hepe. Thys forseide grete pyn in manere of an extre is ymagyned to be the Pool Artik in thyn Astralabie.

15. The wombe syde of thyn Astrelabie is also divided with a longe croys in 4 4半期/4分の1s from est to west, fro southe to northe, fro 権利 syde to left 味方する, as is the bakside.

16. The bordure of which wombe 味方する is divided fro the point of the est lyne unto the point of the south lyne under the (犯罪の)一味, in 90 degrees; and by that same proporcioun is every 4半期/4分の1 divided, as is the bakside. That amountith 360 degrees. And understondwel that degres of this bordure ben aunswering and consentrike to the degrees of the equinoxiall, that is dividid in the same nombre as every lo othir cercle is in the highe hevene. This same bordure is divided also with 23 lettres 資本/首都s and a small crosse (+) above the south lyne, that shewith the 24 houres equals of the clokke. And, as I have seid, 5 of these degres maken a myle wey, and 3 milewei maken an houre. And every degre ot thys bordure contenith 4 minutes, and every minute 60 secundes. Now have I told the twyes.

17. The plate under the riet is discrived with 3 主要な/長/主犯 cercles, of whiche the leest is clepid the cercle of Cancre by 原因(となる) that the heved of Cancre turnith evermo consentrik upon the same cercle. In this heved of 癌 is the grettist declinacioun northward of the sonne, and therfore is he clepid solsticium of somer; which declinacioun, after Ptholome, is 23 degrees and 50 minutes as wel in 癌 as in lo Capricorn. This 調印する of 癌 is clepid the tropik of somer, of tropos, that is to seien " ageynward. " For than beginneth the sonne to passen from us-区.

The myddel cercle in wydnesse, of these 3, is clepid the cercle equinoxiall, upon which turnith evermo the hevedes of Aries and Libra. And understond wel that evermo thys cercle equinoxiall turnith 正確に,正当に from verrey est to verrey west as I have shewed the in the speer solide. This same cercle is clepid also 赤道, that is the weyer of the day- for whan the sonne is in the hevedes of Aries and Libra, than ben the dayes and the nightes ylike of lengthe in all the world. And therfore ben these 2 調印するs called the equinoxiis. And all that moeveth withinne the hevedes of these Aries and Libra, his moevyng is clepid north- 区; and all that moevith withoute these hevedes, his moevyng is clepid southward, as fro the equinoxiall. Tak kep of these latitudes north and south, and forget it nat. By this cercle equinoxiall ben considred the 24 houres of the clokke; for evermo the arisyng of 15 degrees of the equinoxiall makith an houre equal of the clokke. This equinoxiall is clepid the gurdel of the first moeving, or ellis of the first moevable. And 公式文書,認める that the first moevyng is clepid moevyng of the first moevable of the 8 speer, which moeving is from est into west, and eft ageyn into est. Also it is clepid girdel of the first.moeving for it departith the first moevable, that is to seyn the spere. in two llke partyes evene distantz fro the 政治家s of this world.

The widest of these 3 主要な/長/主犯 cercles is clepid the cercle of Capricorne, by 原因(となる) that the heved of Capricorne turneth evermo consentrik upon the same cercle. In the heved of this forseid Capricorne is the grettist declinacioun southward of the sonne, and therfore it is clepid the solsticium of wynter. This 調印する of Capricorne is also clepid the tropic of wynter, for than begynneth the sonne to come ageyn to us- 区.

18. Upon this forseide plate ben compassed certeyn cercles that highten almycanteras, of whiche somme of hem semen parfit cercles and somme semen inparfit. The centre that stondith amyddes the narwest cercle is clepid the cenyth. And the netherist cercle, or the first cercle, is clepid the orizonte, that is to seyn, the cercle that divideth the two emysperies, that is, the partie of the lo hevene above the erthe and the partie bynethe. These almykanteras ben compowned by 2 and 2, all be it so that on diverse Astrelabies somme almykanteras ben divided by oon, and somme by two, and somme by thre, after the quantite of the Astrelabie. This forseide cenyth is ymagined to ben the verrey point over the 栄冠を与える of thin heved. And also this cenyth is the verray pool of the ori- zonte in every regioun.

19. From this cenyth, as it semeth, there comen a maner croked strikes like to the clawes of a loppe, or elles like the werk of a wommans calle, in kervyng overthwart the almykanteras And these same strikes or divisiouns ben clepid azimutz, and thei dividen the orisounte of thin Astrelabie in 24 divisiouns. And these azymutz serven to knowe the costes of the firmament, and to othre 結論s, as for to knowe the cenyth of the sonne and of every sterre.

20. Next these azymutz, under the cercle of 癌, ben there 12 divisouns embelif, muche like to the shap of the azemutz, that shewen the spaces of the hollres of 惑星s.

21. The riet of thin Astrelabie with thy zodiak, shapen in manere of a 逮捕する or of a lopwebbe after the olde descripcioun, which thou maist turnen up and doun as thiself liketh, contenith certein nombre of sterres 直す/買収する,八百長をするs, with her longitudes and latitudes determinat, yf so be that the 製造者 have not errid. The 指名するs of the sterres ben writen in the margyn of the riet there as thei sitte, of whiche sterres lo the smale point is clepid the centre. And understond also that alle the sterres sitting within the zodiak of thin Astrelabie ben clepid sterres of the north, for thei arise by northe the est lyne. And all the remenaunt 直す/買収する,八百長をするd oute of the zodiak ben clepid sterres of the south. But I seie not that thei arisen alle by southe the est lyne; 証言,証人/目撃する on Aldeberan and Algomeyse. Generaly understond this rewle, that thilke sterres that ben clepid sterres of the north arisen rather than the degre of her longitude, and alle the sterres of the south arisen after the degre of her longitude - this is to seyn, sterres 直す/買収する,八百長をするd in thyn Astrelabie. The mesure of the longitude of sterres is taken in the lyne ecliptik of hevene, under which lyne, whan that the sonne and the mone be lyne-権利, or ellis in the superficie of this lyne, than is the (太陽,月の)食/失墜 of the sonne or of the mone, as I shal 宣言する, and eke the 原因(となる) why. But sothly the ecliptik lyne of thy zodiak is the utterist bordure of thy zodiak there the degrees be 示すd.

Thy zodiak of thin Astrelabie is shapen as a compas which that contenith a large brede as after the quantite of thyn Astrelabie, in ensample that the zodiak in hevene is ymagyned to ben a superfice contenyng a latitude of 12 degrees, 反して alle the remenaunt of cercles in the hevene ben ymagyned verrey Iynes withoute eny latitude. Amiddes this celestial zodiak is ymagined a lyne which that is clepid the ecliptik lyne, under which lyne is evermo the wey of the sonne. Thus ben there 6 degres of the zodiak on that oo syde of the lyne and 6 degrees on that othir. This zodiak is dividid in 12 主要な/長/主犯 divisiouns that departen the 12 調印するs, and, for the streitnesse of thin Astrolabie, than is every smal divisoun in a 調印する 出発/死d by two degrees and two! I mene degrees contenyng 60 mynutes. And this forseide hevenysshe zodiak is clepid the cercle of the 調印するs, or the cercle of the bestes, for " zodia " in langage of Grek sowneth " bestes " in Latyn tunge. And in the zodiak ben the 12 調印するs that han 指名するs of bestes, or ellis for whan the sonne entrith into eny of tho 調印するs he takith the propirte of suche bestes, or ellis that for the sterres that ben ther 直す/買収する,八百長をするd ben disposid in 調印するs of bestes or 形態/調整 like bestes, or elles whan the 惑星s ben under thilke 調印するs thei causen us by her 影響(力) operaciouns and 影響s like to the operaciouns of bestes.

And understond also that whan an hot 惑星 cometh into an hot 調印する, than encrescith his hete; and yf a 惑星 be 冷淡な, than amenusith his coldnesse by 原因(となる) of the hoote sygne. And by thys conclusioun maist thou take ensample in alle the 調印するs, be thei moist or drie, or moeble or 直す/買収する,八百長をする, reknyng the qualite of the 惑星 as I first seide. And everich of these 12 調印するs hath 尊敬(する)・点 to a certeyn 小包 of the 団体/死体 of a man, and hath it in governaunce; as Aries hath thin heved, and Taurus thy nekke and thy throte, Gemini thin armholes and thin armes, and so furth, as shall be shewid more pleyn in the 5 partie of this tretis.

This zodiak, which that is part of the speer, over-kervith the equinoxial, and-he over-kervith him ageyn in evene parties; and that oo half declineth so southward; and that othir northward, as pleinly declarith the Tretys of the Speer.

Than hast thou a label that is shapen like a reule, save that it is streit and hath no plates on either ende with 穴を開けるs. But with the smale point of the forseide label shalt thou calcule thin equaciouns in the bordure of thin Astralabie, as by thin almury.

Thin almury is clepid the denticle of Capricorne, or ellis the calculer. This same almury sitt 直す/買収する,八百長をする in the heved of Capricorne, and it serveth of many a necessarie conclusioun in equacions of thinges as shal be shewid.

Here endith the descripcioun of the Astrelabie and here begynne the 結論s of the Astrelabie.

PART II

1. To fynde the degre in which the sonne is day by day, after his cours aboute.

Rekne and knowe which is the day of thy month, and ley thy rewle up that same day, and than wol the verrey poynt of thy rewle sitten in the bordure upon the degre of thy sonne.

Ensample as thus: -The yeer of oure Lord 1391, the 12 day of March at midday, I wolde knowe the degre of the sonne. I soughte in the bakhalf of myn Astrelabie and fond the cercle of the daies, lo the whiche I knowe by the 指名するs of the monthes writen under the same cercle. Tho leyde I my reule over this forseide day, and fond the point of my reule in the bordure upon the firste degre of Aries, a litel within the degre. And thus knowe I this conclusioun.

Anothir day I wolde knowen the degre of my sonne, and this was at midday in the 13 day of December. I fond the day of the month in manere as I seide; tho leide I my rewle upon this forseide 13 day, and fond the point of my rewle in the bordure upon the firste degre of Capricorne a lite within the degre. And than had I of this conclusioun the ful experience.

2. To knowe the 高度 of the sonne or of othre 天体s.

Put the ryng of thyn Astrelabie upon thy 権利 thombe, and turne thi 解除する syde ageyn the light of the sonne; and remewe thy rewle up and doun til that the stremes of the sonne 向こうずね thorugh bothe 穴を開けるs of thi rewle. Loke than how many degrees thy 支配する is areised fro the litel crois upon thin est lyne, and tak there the 高度 of thi sonne. And in this same wise maist thow knowe by night the alti- tude of the mone or of 有望な sterres.

This chapitre is so generall evere in oon that there nedith no more declaracioun; but forget it not.

3. To knowe every tyme of the day by light of the sonne; and every tyme of the nyght by the sterres 直す/買収する,八百長をする; and eke to knowe by nyght or by day the degre of eny 調印する that ascendith on the est orisonte, which that is clepid comounly the ascendent, or ellis horoscopum.

Tak the 高度 of the sonne whan the 名簿(に載せる)/表(にあげる), as I have seid, and 始める,決める the degre of the sonne, in caas that it be beforn the myddel of the day, の中で thyn almykanteras on the est syde of thin Astrelabie; and if it be after the myddel of the day, 始める,決める the degre of thy sonne upon the west syde. Take this manere of settyng for a general 支配する, ones for evere. And whan thou hast 始める,決める the degre of thy sonne upon as lo many almykanteras of 高さ as was the 高度 of the sonne taken by thy 支配する, ley over thi label upon the degre of the sonne; and than wol the point of thi labell sitte in the bordure upon the verrey tyde of the day.

Ensample as thus: -The yeer of oure lord 1391, the 12 day of March, I wolde knowe the tyde of the day. I tok the 高度 of my sonne, and fond that it was 25 degrees and 30 of minutes of 高さ in the bordure on the bak 味方する. Tho turned I myn Astrelabye, and by 原因(となる) that it was beforn mydday, I turned my riet and sette the degre of the sonne, that is to seyn the first degre of Aries, on the 権利 味方する of myn Astrelabye upon 25 degrees and 30 mynutes of 高さ の中で myn almykanteras. Tho leide I my label upon the degre of my sonne, and fond the point of my label in the bordure upon a 資本/首都 lettre that is clepid an X. Tho rekned I alle the 資本/首都 lettres fro the lyne of mydnight unto this forseide lettre X, and fond that it was 9 of the clokke of the day. Tho loked I doun upon the est orizonte, and fond there the 20 degre of Geminis ascendyng, which that I tok for myn ascendent. And in this wise had I the experience for evermo in which manere I shulde knowe the tyde of the day and eke myn ascendent.

Tho wolde I wite the same nyght folewyng the houre of the nyght, and wroughte in this wise: - の中で an heep of sterres 直す/買収する,八百長をする it liked me for to take the 高度 of the faire white sterre that is clepid Alhabor, and fond hir sittyng on the west 味方する of the lyne of midday, 12 degrees of 高さ taken by my rewle on the bak 味方する. Tho sette I the centre of this Alhabor upon 12 degrees の中で myn almykanteras upon the west 味方する, by 原因(となる) that she w as 設立する on the west 味方する. Tho leyde I my label over the degre of the sonne, that was discendid under the west orisounte, and rekned all the lettres 資本/首都s fro the lyne of midday unto the point of my Iabel in the bordure, and fond that it was passed 9 of the c lokke the space of 10 degrees. Tho lokid I doun upon myn est orisounte, and fond there 10 degrees of Scorpius ascendyng, whom I tok for myn ascendent. And thus lerned I to knowe onys for evere in which manere I shuld come to the houre of the nyght, and to myn ascendent, as verrely as may be taken by so smal an 器具.

But natheles this 支配する in generall wol I 警告する the for evere: - Ne make the nevere bold to have take a just ascendent by thin Astrelabie, or elles to have 始める,決める 正確に,正当に a clokke, whan eny 天体 by which that thou wenyst 治める/統治する thilke thinges be nigh the south Iyne. For 信用 wel, whan the sonne is nygh the meridional lyne, the degre of thc sonne renneth so longe consentrik upon the almykanteras that sothly thou shalt erre fro the just ascendent. The same 結論 sey I by the centre of eny sterre 直す/買収する,八百長をする by nyght. And more over, by experience I wot wel that in our orisounte, from xi of the clokke unto oon of the clokke, in taking of a just ascendent in a portatif Astrelabie it is to hard to knowe - I mene from xi of the clokke before the houre of noon til oon of the clokke next folewyng.

4. A special declaracioun of the ascendent.

The ascendent sothly, as wel in alle nativites as in questions and eleccions of tymes, is a thing which that these astrologiens gretly observen. Wherfore me semeth convenyent, syth that I speke of the ascendent, to make of it speciall declaracioun.

The ascendent sothly, to take it at the largest, is thilke degre that ascendith at eny of these forseide tymes upon the est orisounte. And therfore, yf that eny 惑星 上がる at thatt same tyme in thilke forseide degre, than hath he no latitude fro the ecliptik lyne, but he is than in the degre of the ecliptik which that is the degre of his longitude. Men sayn that thilke 惑星 is in horoscopo.

But sothly the hous of the ascendent, that is to seyn, the first hous or the est angle, is a thing more brod and large. For, after the 法令s of astrologiens, what 天体 that is 5 degrees above thilke degre that ascendith, or withinne that nombre, that is to seyn neer the degree that ascendith, yit rekne they thilke 惑星 in the ascendent. And what 惑星 that is under thilke degre that ascendith the space of 25 degres, yit seyn thei that thilke 惑星 is "like to him that is the hous of the ascendent." But sothly, if he passe the boundes of these forseide spaces, above or bynethe, thei seyn that the 惑星 is "fallyng fro the ascendent." Yit saien these astrologiens that the ascendent and eke the lord of the ascendent may be shapen for to be fortunat or infortunat, as thus: - A "fortunat ascendent " clepen they whan that no wicked 惑星, as Saturne or 火星 or elles the Tayl of the Dragoun, is in the hous of the ascendent, ne that no wicked 惑星 have noon 面 of enemyte upon the ascendent. But thei wol caste that thei have a fortunat 惑星 in hir ascendent, and yit in his felicite; and than sey thei that it is wel. その上の over thei seyn that the infortunyng of an ascendent is the contrarie of these forseide thinges. The lord of the ascendent, sey thei that he is fortunat whan he is in god place fro the ascendent, as in an angle, or in a succident where as he is in hys dignite and comfortid with frendly 面s of 惑星s and wel resceyved; and eke that he may seen the ascendent; an that he be not retrograd, ne combust, ne joyned with no shrewe in the same 調印する; ne that he be not in his discencioun, ne joyned with no 惑星 in his descencioun, ne have upon him noon 面 infortunat; and than sey thei that he is 井戸/弁護士席.

Natheles these ben observaunces of judicial matere and rytes of payens, in whiche my spirit hath no feith, ne knowing of her horoscopum. For they seyn that every 調印する is departid in thre evene parties by 10 degrees, and thilke porcioun they clepe a 直面する. And although that a 惑星 have a latitude fro the ecliptik, yit sey somme folk, so that the 惑星 arise in that same 調印する with eny degre of the forseide 直面する in which his longitude is rekned, that yit is the 惑星 in horoscopo, be it in nativyte or in eleccion, etc.

5. To knowe the verrey equacioun of the degre of the sonne yf so be that it 落ちる bitwene two almykanteras.

For as muche as the almykanteras in thin Astrelabie ben compowned by two and two, where as somme almykanteras in sondry astrelabies be compowned by 1 and 1, or elles by 3 and 3, it is necessarie to thy lernyng to teche the first to knowe and worke with thin owne 器具. Wherfore whan that the degre of thi sonne fallith bytwixe 2 almykanteras, or ellis yf thin almykanteras ben graven with over-gret a poynt of a compas (for bothe these thinges may causen errour as wel in knowing of the tide of the day, as of the verrey ascendent), thou must worken in this wise: -

始める,決める the degre of thy sonne upon the hyer almykanteras of bothe, and wayte wel where as thin almury touchith the bordure and 始める,決める there a prikke of ynke. Sett doun agayn the degre of the sunne upon the nether almykanteras of bothe, and sett there another pricke. Remeve than thin almury in the bordure evene amiddes bothe prickes, and this wol lede 正確に,正当に the degre of thi sonne to sitte atwixe bothe almykanteras in his 権利 place. Ley than thy label over the degre of thi sonne, and fynd in the bordure the verrey tyde of the day, or of the night. Andasverrailyshaltthoufynde upon thin est orisonte thin ascendent.

6. To knowe the spryng of the dawenyng and the ende of the evenyng, the whiche ben called the two crepuscules.

始める,決める the nadir of thy sonne upon 18 degrees of 高さ の中で thyn almykanteras on the west syde; and ley thy label on the degre of thy sonne, and than shal the point of thy label shewen the spryng of the day. Also 始める,決める the nader of thy sonne upon 18 degrees of 高さ の中で thin almykanteras on the est 味方する, and ley over thy lahel upon the degre of the sonne, and with the point of thy label fynd in the bordure lo the ende of the evenyng, that is verrey nyght.

The nader of the sonne is thilke degre that is opposyt to the degre of the sonne, in the 7 調印する, as thus: - every degre of Aries by ordir is nadir to every degre of Libra by ordre, and Taurus to Scorpioun, Gemini to Sagittarie, 癌 to Capricorne, Leo to Aquarie, Virgo to Pisces. And if eny degre in thy zodiak be derk, his adir shal 宣言する hym.

7. To knowe the arch of the day, that sorne folk callen the day artificiall, fro sonne arisyng tyl it go to 残り/休憩(する).

始める,決める the degre of thi sonne upon thin est DriSonte and ley thy label on the degre of the sonne, and at the point of thy label in the bordure 始める,決める a pricke. Turne than thy riet aboute tyl the degre of thy sonne sitte upon the west orisonte, and ley thy label upon the same degre of the sonne, and at the poynt of thy label 始める,決める there another pricke. Rekne than the quantite of tyme in the bordure bitwixe bothe prickes, and tak there thyn arch of the day. The remenaunt of the bordure under the orisonte is the arch of the nyght. Thus maist thou rekne bothe arches, or every porcioun, of whether that the liketh. And by this manere of worching maist thou se how longe that eny sterre 直す/買収する,八百長をする dwelleth above the erthe, fro tyme that he riseth til he go to 残り/休憩(する). But the day naturall that is to seyn 24 houres, is the revolu- cioun of the equinoxial with as muche partie of the zodiak as the sonne of his propre moeving passith in the mene while.

8. To turne the houres inequales in houres equales.

Know the nombre of the degrees in the houres inequales, and 出発/死 hem by 15, and tak there thin houres equales.

9. To knowe the quantite of the day vulgar, that is to seyn fro spryng of the day unto verrey nyght.

Know the quantite of thy crepuscles, as I have taught in the 2 chapitre bifore, and 追加する hem to the arch of thy day 人工的な, and tak there the space of all the hool day vulgar unto verrey night. The same manere maist thou worche to knowe the quantite of the vulgar nyght.

10. To knowe the quantite of houres in, equales by day.

Understond wel that these houres inequales ben clepid houres of 惑星s. And understond wel that som tyme ben thei lenger by day than by night, and som tyme the contrarie. But understond wel that evermo generaly the houre inequal of the day with the houre inequal of the night contenen 30 degrees of the bordure, which bordure is evermo answeryng to the degrees of the equinoxial. Wherfore 出発/死 the arch of the day 人工的な in 12, and tak there the quantite of the houre inequale by day. And if thou abate the quantite of the houre inequale by day out of 30, than shal the remenaunt that levith parforme the houre inequale by night.

11. To knowe the quantite of houres equales.

The quantite of houres equales, that is to seyn the houres of the clokke, ben departid by 15 degrees alredy in the bordure of thin Astrelaby, as wel by night as by day, generaly for evere. What nedith more declaracioun?

Wherfore whan the 名簿(に載せる)/表(にあげる) to knowe how many houres of the clokke ben passed, or eny part of eny of these houres that ben passed, or ellis how many houres lo or parties of houres ben to come fro such a tyme to such a tyme by day or by night, know the degre of thy sonne, and ley thy label on it. Turne thy ryet aboute joyntly with thy label, and with the poynt of it rekne in the bordure fro the sonne ariste unto that same place there thou desirist, by day as by nyght. This conclusioun wol I 宣言する in the last chapitre of the 4 partie of this tretys so 率直に that ther shal lakke no word that nedith to the declaracioun.

12. Special declaracioun of the houres of 惑星s.

Understond wel that evermo, fro the arisyng of the sonne til it go to 残り/休憩(する), the nadir of the sonne shal shewe the houre of the 惑星; and fro that tyme 今後 al the night til the sonne arise, than shal the verrey degre of the sonne shewe the houre of the 惑星.

Ensample as thus: -The xiij day of March fyl upon a Saturday, peraventure, and atte risyng of the sonne I lo fond the secunde degre of Aries sittyng upon myn est orisonte, all be it that it was but litel. Than fond I the 2 degre of Libra, nadir of my sonne, discending on my west orisonte, upon which west orisonte every day generaly, atte sonne arist, entrith the houre of every 惑星, after which 惑星 the day berith his 指名する, and endith in the next strike of the plate under the forseide west orisonte. And evere as the sonne clymbith upper and upper, so goth his nadir downer and downer, teching by suche strikes the houres of 惑星s by ordir as they sitten in the hevene. The firste houre inequal of every Saturday is to Saturne, and the seconde to Jupiter, the thirde to 火星, the fourthe to the sonne, the fifte to Venus, the sixte to Mercurius, the seventhe to the mone. And then ageyn the 8 houre is to Saturne, the 9 is to Jupiter, the 10 to 火星, the 11 to the sonne, the 12 to Venus. And now is my sonne gon to 残り/休憩(する) as for that Saturday. Than shewith the verrey degre of the sonne the houre of Mercurie entring under my west orisonte at eve; and next hilr succedith the mone, and so furth by ordir 惑星 after 惑星 in houre after houre, all the nyght longe til the sonne arise. Now risith the sonne that Sonday by the morwe, and the nadir of the sonne upon the west orisonte shewith me the entring of the houre of the forseide sonne. And in this manere succedith 惑星 under 惑星 fro Saturne unto the mone, and fro the mone up ageyn to Saturne, houre after houre generaly. And thus have I this conclusyoun.

13. To knowe the 高度 of the sonne in myddes of the day that is clepid the 高度 meridian.

始める,決める the degre of the sonne upon the lyne meridional, and rekne how many degrees of almykanteras ben bitwyxe thin est orisonte and the degre of thy sonne; and tak there thin 高度 meridian, this to seyn, the highest of the sonne as for that day. So maist thou knowe in the same lyne the heighest cours that eny sterre 直す/買収する,八百長をする clymbeth by night. This is to seyn that whan eny sterre 直す/買収する,八百長をする is passid the lyne merid- ional, than begynneth it to descende; and so doth the sonne.

14. To knowe the degre of the sonne by thy ryet, for a maner curiosite.

Sek besily with thy 支配する the highest of the sonne in mydde of the day. Turne than thin Astrelabie, and with a pricke of ynke 示す the nombre of that same 高度 in the lyne meridional; turne than thy ryet aboute tyl thou fynde a degre of thy zodiak (許可,名誉などを)与えるing with the pricke, this is to seyn, sitting on the pricke. And in soth thou shalt finde but 2 degrees in all the zodiak of that condicioun; and yit lo thilke 2 degrees ben in diverse 調印するs. Than maist thou lightly, by the sesoun of the yere, knowe the 調印する in which that is the sonne.

15. To knowe which day is lik to which day as of lengthe.

Loke whiche degrees ben ylike fer fro the hevedes of 癌 and Capricorne, and loke when the sonne is in eny of thilke degrees; than ben the dayes ylike of lengthe. This is to seyn that as longe is that day in that month, as was such a day in such a month- there varieth but litel.

Also, yf thou take 2 dayes naturales in the yere ylike fer fro either point of the equinoxiall in the opposyt parties, than as longe is the day artificiall of that oon day as is the night of that othir, and the contrarie.

16. This chapitre is a maner declaracioun to conclusiouns that folewen.

Understond wel that thy zodiak is 出発/死d in two halve circles, as fro the heved of Capricorne unto the heved of 癌, and ageynward fro the heved of 癌 unto the heved of Capricorne. The heved of Capricorne is the lowest point where as the sonne goth in wynter, and the heved of 癌 is the heighist point in which the sonne goth in somer. And therfore understond wel that eny two degrees lo that ben ylike fer fro eny of these two hevedes, 信用 wel that thilke two degrees 女/おっせかい屋 of ilike declinacioun, be it southward or northward, and the daies of hem ben ilike of lengthe and the nyghtes also, and the shadewes ilyke, and the 高度s ylike atte midday for evere.

17. To knowe the verrey degre of eny maner sterre, straunge or unstraunge, after his longitude; though he be indetermynat in thin Astralabye, sothly to the trouthe thus he shal be knowe.

Tak the 高度 of this sterre whan he is on the est syde of the lyne meridionall, as neigh as thou mayst gesse; and tak an ascendent anon 権利 by som manere sterre 直す/買収する,八百長をする which that thou knowist; and forget not the 高度 of the firste sterre ne thyn ascendent. And whan that this is don, aspye diligently whan this same firste sterre passith eny thyng the south 西方の; and cacche him anon 権利 in the same nombre of 高度 on the west syde of this lyne meridional, as he was kaught on the est syde; and tak a newe ascendent anon-ryght by som manere sterre 直す/買収する,八百長をする which that thou knowist, and forget not this secunde ascendent. And whan that this is don, rekne than how many degrees ben bitwixe the first ascendent and the secunde ascendent; and rekne wel the myddel degre bitwene bothe ascendentes, and 始める,決める thilke myddel degre upon thyn est orizonte; and wayte than what degre that sitte upon the Iyne meridional, and tak there the verrey degre of the ecliptik in which the sterre stondith for the tyme. For in the ecliptik is the longitude of a celestiall 団体/死体 rekned, evene fro the heved of Aries unto the ende of Pisces; and his latitude is rekned after the quantite of his declynacioun north or south toward the polys of this world.

As thus: -Yif it be of the sonne or of eny 直す/買収する,八百長をする sterre, rekne hys latitude or his declinacioun fro the equinoxiall cercle; and if it be of a 惑星, rekne than the quantite of his latitude fro the ecliptik lyne, all be it so that fro the equinoxiall may the declinacioun or the latitude of eny 団体/死体 celestiall be rekned after the 場所/位置 north or south and after the quantite of his declinacioun. And 権利 so may the latitude or the declinacioun of eny 団体/死体 celestiall, save oonly of the sonne, after hys 場所/位置 north or south and after the quantite of his declinacioun. be rekned fro the ecliptik lyne; fro which lyne alle 惑星s som tyme declinen north or south save oonly the forseide sonne.

18. To knowe the degrees of longitudes of 直す/買収する,八百長をする sterres after that they be determynat in thin Astrelabye, yf so be that thei be trewly sette.

始める,決める the centre of the sterre upon the lyne meridionall, and tak kep of thy zodiak, and loke what degre of eny 調印する that sitte upon the same lyne meridionall at that same tyme, and tak there the degre in which the sterre stondith; and with that same degre cometh that same sterre unto that same lyne fro the orisonte.

19. To knowe with which degre of the zodiak eny sterre 直す/買収する,八百長をする in thin Astrelabie arisith upon the est orisonte, all though his dwellyng be in another 調印する.

始める,決める the centre of the sterre upon the est orisonte, and loke what degre of eny 調印する that sitt upon the same orisonte at that same tyme. And understond wel that with that same degre arisith that same sterre.

And thys merveylous arisyng with a straunge degre in another 調印する is by 原因(となる) that the latitude of the sterre 直す/買収する,八百長をする is either north or south fro the equi- noxiall. But sothly the latitudes of 惑星s be comounly rekened fro the ecliptyk, by 原因(となる) that noon of hem declyneth but fewe degrees out fro the brede of the zodiak. And tak god kep of this chapitre of arisyng of celestialle 団体/死体s; for 信用 wel that neyther mone ne sterre, as in our embelif orisonte, arisith with that same degre of his longitude save in oo cas, and that is whan they have no latitude fro the ecliptyk lyne. But natheles som tyme is everich of these 惑星s under the same lyne.

20. To knowe the declinacioun of eny degre in the zodiak fro the equinoxiall cercle.

始める,決める the degre of eny 調印する upon the lyne meridionall, and rekne hys 高度 in the almykanteras fro the est orisonte up to the same degre 始める,決める in the forseide lyne, and 始める,決める there a prikke; turne up than thy riet, and 始める,決める the heved of Aries or Libra in the same meridionall lyne, and 始める,決める there a nother prikke. And whan that this is don, considre the 高度s of hem bothe; for sothly the difference of thilke alti- tudes is the declinacioun of thilke degre fro the equinoxiall. And yf it so be that thilke degre be northward fro the equinoxiall, than is his declinacyoun north; yif it be southward, than is it south.

21. To knowe for what latitude in eny regioun the almykanteras of eny (米)棚上げする/(英)提議する ben com powned .

Rekene how many degrees of almykanteras in the meridionall lyne ben fro the cercle equinoxiall unto the cenyth, or elles from the pool artyk unto the north orisonte; and for so gret a latitude, or for so smal a latitude, is the (米)棚上げする/(英)提議する compowned.

22. To know in speciall the latitude of oure countre, I mene after the latitude of Oxenford, and the 高さ of oure pool.

Understond wel that as fer is the heved of Aries or Libra in the equinoxiall fro oure orisonte as is the cenyth fro the pool artik; and as high is the pool artik fro the orisonte as the equinoxiall is fer fro the cenyth. I 証明する it thus by the latitude of Oxenford: understond wel that the 高さ of oure pool artik fro oure north orisonte is 51 degrees and 50 mynutes; than is the cenyth fro oure pool artik 38 degrees and 10 mynutes; than is the equinoxial from oure cenyth 51 degrees and 50 mynutes; than is oure south orisonte from oure equinoxiall 38 degres and 10 mynutes. Understond wel this rekenyng. Also forget not that the cenyth is 90 degrees of 高さ from oure orisonte, and oure equinoxiall is 90 degres from oure pool artik. Also this shorte 支配する is soth, that the latitude of eny place in a regioun is the distaunce fro the cenyth unto the equinoxiall.

23. To 証明する evidently the latitude of eny place in a regioun by the preve of the 高さ of the pool artik in that same place.

In som wynters nyght whan the firmament is cler and thikke sterred, wayte a tyme til that eny sterre 直す/買収する,八百長をする sitte lyne-権利 perpendiculer over the pool artik, and clepe that sterre A; and wayte another sterre that sitte lyne 権利 under A, and under the pool, and clepe that sterre F. And understond wel that F is not considrid but oonly to 宣言する that A sitte evene over the pool. Tak than anoon-権利 the 高度 of A from the orisonte, and forget it not; let A and F goo fare wel tyl ageynst the dawenyng a gret while, and com than ageyn, and abid til that A is evene under the pool, and under F, for sothly than wol F sitte over the pool, and A wol sitte under the pool. Tak than eftsonys the 高度 of A from the orisonte, and 公式文書,認める as wel his secunde 高度 as hys first 高度. And whan that this is doon, rekene how many degrees that the first 高度 of A excedith his secunde 高度, and tak half thilke porcioun that is excedid and 追加する it to his secunde 高度, and tak there the elevacioun of thy pool, and eke the latitude of thyregioun; for these two ben of oo nombre, this is to seyn, as many degres as thy pool is elevat, so muche is the latitude of the regioun.

Ensample as thus: - peraventure the 高度 of A in the evenyng is 56 degrees of 高さ; than wol his secunde 高度 or the dawenyng be 48 degres that is 8 degrees lasse than 56, that was his first 高度 att even. Tak than the half of 8 and 追加する it to 48 that was his secunde 高度, and than hast thou 52. Now hast thou the 高さ of thy pool and the latitude of the regioun. But understond wel that to 証明する this 反対/詐欺- clusioun and many another faire conclusioun, tholu must have a plomet hangyng on a lyne, heygher than thin heved, on a perche; and thilke lyne must hange evene perpendiculer bytwixe the pool and thin 注目する,もくろむ; and than shalt thou seen yf A sitte evene over the pool, and over F atte evene; and also yf F sitte evene over the pool and over A or day.

24. Another conclusioun to 証明する the 高さ of the pool artik fro the orisonte.

Tak eny sterre 直す/買収する,八百長をする that never discendith under the orisonte in thilke regioun, and considre his heighist 高度 and his lowist 高度 fro the orisonte, and make a nombre of bothe these 高度s; tak than and abate half that nombre, and tak there the elevacioun of the pool artik in that same regioun.

25. Another conclusioun to 証明する the latitude of the regioun.

Understond wel that the latitude of eny place in a regioun is verrely the space bytwexe the cenyth of hem that dwellen there and the equinoxiall cercle north or south, takyng the mesure in the meridional Iyne, as shewith in the almykanteras of thin Astrelabye. And thilke space is as much as the pool artike is high in that same place fro the orisonte. And than is the depressioun of the pool antartik, that is to seyn, than is the pool antartik, bynethe the orisonte the same quantite of space neither more ne lasse.

Than if thou 願望(する) to knowe this latitude of the regioun, tak the 高度 of the sonne in the myddel of the day, whan the sonne is in the hevedes of Aries or of Libra; for than moeveth the sonne in the lyne equinoxiall; and abate the nombre of that same sonnes 高度 out of 90 degrees, and than is the remenaunt of the nombre that leveth the latitude of that regioun. As thus: - I suppose that the sonne is thilke day at noon 38 degrees of 高さ; abate than 38 oute of 90; so leveth there 52; than is 52 degrees the latitude. I say not this but for ensample; for wel I wot the latitude of Oxenford is certeyn minutes lasse, as thow might preve.

Now yf so be that the semeth to longe a tarieng to がまんする til that the sonne be in the hevedes of Aries or of Libra, than wayte whan the sonne is in eny othir degre of the zodiak, and considre the degre of his declinacioun fro the equinoxiall lyne; and if it so be that the sonnes declinacioun be northward fro the equinoxiall, abate than fro the sonnes 高度 at 非,不,無 the nombre of his declinacioun, and than hast thou the 高さ of the hevedes of Aries and Libra. As thus: -My sonne is peraventure in the first degre of Leoun, 58 degrees and 10 minutes of 高さ at 非,不,無, and his declinacioun is almost 20 degrees northward fro the equinoxiall; abate than thilke 20 degrees of declinacioun out of the 高度 at 非,不,無; than leveth there 38 degrees and 半端物 minutes. Lo there the heved of Aries or Libra and thin equinoxiall in that regioun. Also if so be that the sonnes declinacioun be southward fro the equinoxiall, 追加する than thilke declinacioun to the 高度 of the sonne at noon, and tak there the hevedes of Aries and Libra and thin equinoxial; abate than the 高さ of the equinoxial out of 90 degrees; than leveth there the distance of the pool of that regioun fro the equinoxiall. Or elles, if the 名簿(に載せる)/表(にあげる), tak the highest 高度 fro the equinoxial of eny sterre 直す/買収する,八百長をする that thou knowist, and tak the netherest elongacioun (lengthing) fro the same equinoxial lyne, and work in the manere forseid.

26. Declaracioun of the ascensioun of 調印するs.

The excellence of the spere solide, の中でs othir noble conclusiouns, shewith manyfest the diverse ascenciouns of 調印するs in diverse places, as wel in the 権利 cercle as in the embelif cercle. These auctours writen that thilke 調印する is cleped of 権利 ascensioun with which more part of the cercle equinoxiall and lasse part of the zodiak ascendith- and thilke 調印する ascendith embelif with which lasse part of the equinoxiall and more part of the zodiak ascendith. Ferther-over they seyn that in thilke cuntrey where as the senith of hem that dwellen there is in the equinoxial lyne, and her orisonte passyng by the two 政治家s of this world, thilke folk han this 権利 cercle and the 権利 orisonte; and evermore the arch of the day and the arch of the night is there ilike longe- and the sonne twies every yer passing thorugh the cenith of hir 注意する, and two someres and two wynters in a yer han these forseide peple. And the almycanteras in her Astrelabyes ben streight as a lyne, so as it shewith in the 人物/姿/数字.

The utilite to knowe the ascensions of 調印するs in the 権利 cercle is this: - 信用 wel that by mediacioun of thilke ascensions these astrologiens, by her (米)棚上げする/(英)提議するs and her 器具s, knowen verreily the ascensioun of every degre and minute in all the zodiak in the embelif cercle, as shal be shewed. And nota that this forseide 権利 orisonte, that is clepid Orison Rectum, dividith the equinoxial into 権利 angles; and the embelif orisonte where as the pool is enhaunced upon the orisonte, overkervith the equinoxiall in embilif angles, as shewith in the 人物/姿/数字.

27. This is the conclusioun to knowe the ascensions of 調印するs in the 権利 cercle, that is circulus directus.

始める,決める the heved of what 調印する the lyst to knowe his ascendyng in the 権利 cercle upon the lyne meridionall, and wayte where thyn almury touchith the bordure, and 始める,決める there a prikke; turne than thy riet 西方の til that the ende of the forseide 調印する sitte upon the meridional lyne and eftsonys wayte where thin almury touchith the bordure, and 始める,決める there another pricke. Rekene than the nombre of degres in the bordure bitwixe bothe prikkes, and tak the ascensioun of the 調印する in the 権利 cercle. And thus maist thou werke with every porcioun of thy zodiak.

28. To knowe the ascensions of 調印するs in the embelif cercle in every regioun, I mene, in circulo obliquo.

始める,決める the heved of the 調印する which as the 名簿(に載せる)/表(にあげる) to knowe his ascensioun upon the est orisonte, and wayte where thin almury touchith the bordure, and there 始める,決める a prikke. Turne than thy riet 上向き til that the ende of the same 調印する sitte upon the est orisonte, and wayte eftsonys where as thin almury touchith the bordure, and 始める,決める there a nother prikke. Rekene than the nombre of degrees in the bordure bitwyxe bothe prikkes and tak there the ascensioun of the 調印する in the embelif cercle. And understond wel that alle the 調印するs in thy zodiak, fro the heved of Aries unto the ende of Virgo, ben clepid 調印するs of the north fro the equinoxiall. And these 調印するs arisen bitwyxe the verrey est and the verrey north in oure orisonte generaly for evere. And alle the ignes fro the heved of Libra unto the ende of Pisces ben clepid 調印するs of the south fro the equinoxial; and these 調印するs arisen evermore bitwexe the verrey est and the verrey south in oure orisonte. Also every 調印する bitwixe the heved of Capricorne unto the ende of Geminis arisith on oure orisonte in lasse than 2 houres equales. And these same 調印するs fro the heved of Capricorne unto the ende of Geminis ben cleped tortuose 調印するs, or croked 調印するs, for thei arise embelyf on oure orisonte. And these croked 調印するs ben obedient to the 調印するs that ben of 権利 ascensioun. The 調印するs of 権利 ascencioun ben fro the heved of 癌 unto the ende of Sagittarie; and these 調印するs arisen more upright, and thei ben called eke sovereyn 調印するs and everich of hem arisith in more space than in 2 houres. Of whiche 調印するs Gemini obeieth to 癌, and 'raurus to Leo, Aries to Virgo, Pisces to Libra, Aquarius to Scorpioun, and Capricorne to Sagittarie. And thus evermore 2 調印するs that ben ilike fer fro the heved of Capricorne obeyen everich of hem til othir.

29. To knowe 正確に,正当に the 4 4半期/4分の1s of the world, as Est, West, North, and South.

Tak the 高度 of thy sonne whan the 名簿(に載せる)/表(にあげる), and 公式文書,認める wel the 4半期/4分の1 of the world in which the sonne is for the tyme by the azymutz. Turne than thin Astrelabie, &nd 始める,決める the degre of the sonne in the almykanteras of his 高度 on thilke syde that the sonne stant, as is the manere in takyng of houres, and ley thy label on the degre of the sonne; and rekene how many degrees of the bordure ben bitwixe the Iyne meridional and the point of thy label, and 公式文書,認める wel that nombre. Turne than ageyn thin Astrelabie, and 始める,決める the point of thy gret 支配する there thou takist thin 高度s upon as many degrees in his bordure fro his meridional as was the point of thy label fro the lyne meridional on the wombe 味方する. Take than thin Astrelabie with bothe hondes sadly and slighly, and lat the sonne shyne thorugh bothe 穴を開けるs of thy 支配する, and slighly in thilke shynyng lat thin Astrelabie kouche adoun evene upon a smothe ground, and than wol the verrey lyne meridional of thin Astrelabie lye evene south, and the est Iyne wol Iye est, and the west Iyne west, and the north lyne north, so that thou worke softly and avysely in the kouching. And thus hast thou the 4 4半期/4分の1s of the firmament.

30. To knowe the 高度 of 惑星s fro the wey of the sonne, whethir so they be north or south fro the forseide wey.

Loke whan that a 惑星 is in the lyne meridional, yf that hir 高度 be of the same 高さ that is the degre of the sonne for that day, and than is the 惑星 in the verrey wey of the sonne and hath no latitude. And if the 高度 of the 惑星 be heigher than the degre of the sonne, than is the 惑星 north fro the wey of the sonne such a quantite of latitude as shewith by thin almykanteras. And if the 高度 of the 惑星 be lasse than the degre of the sonne, than is the 惑星 south fro the wey of the sonne such a quantite of latitude as shewith by thin almykanteras. This is to seyn, fro th(wey where as the sonne went thilke day but not fro the wey of the sonne in every place of the zodiak.

31. To knowe the cenyth of the arising of the sonne, this is to seyn, the partie of the orisonte in which that the sonne arisith.

Thou must first considere that the sonne arisith not alwey verrey est, but somtyme by northe the est and somtyme by south the est. Sothly the sonne arisith nevere moo verrey est in oure orisonte, but he be in the heved of Aries or Libra. Now is thin orisonte 出発/死d in 24 parties by thin azimutes in significacioun of 24 parties of the world; al be it so that shipmen rekene thilke parties in 32. Than is there no more but wayte iIl which azimut that thy sonne entrith at his arisyng, and take there the cenith of the arisyng of the sonne.

The manere of the divisioun of thin Astrelabie is this, I mene as in this cas: - First it is divided in 4 plages principalis with the lyne that goth from est to west; and than with another lyne that goth fro south to north; than is it divided in smale parties of azymutz, as est, and est by south, where as is the first azymut above the est lyne; and so furth fro partie to partie til that thou come ageyn unto the est lyne. Thus maist thou understonde also the cenyth of eny sterre, in which partie he riseth.

32. To knowe in which partie of the firmament is the conjunccyoun.

Considere the tyme of the conjunccyoun by the kalender, as thus: - Loke hou many houres thilke conjunccioun is fro the midday of the day precedent, as shewith by the canon of thy kalender. Rekene than thilke nombre of houres in the bordure of thin Astrelabie, as thou art wont to do in knowyng of the houres of the day or of the nyght, and ley thy label over the degre of the sonne, and than wol the point of thy label sitte upon the houre of the conjunccioun. Loke than in which azymut the degre of thy sonne sittith, and in that partie of the firmament is the conjunccioun.

33. To knowe the cenyth of the 高度 of the sonne.

This is no more to seyn but eny tyme of the day tak the 高度 of the sonne, and by the azymut in which he stondith maist thou seen in which partie of the firmament he is. And in the same wise maist thou seen by night, of eny sterre, whether the sterre sitte est or west, or north or south, or eny partie bitwene, after the 指名する of the azimut in which the sterre stondith.

34. To knowe sothly the degre of the longitude of the mone, or of eny 惑星 that hath no latitude for the tyme fro the ecliptik lyne.

Tak the 高度 of the mone, and rekne thy 高度 up の中で thyn almykanteras on which syde that the mone stondith, and 始める,決める there a prikke. Tak than anon-権利 upon the mones syde the 高度 of eny sterre 直す/買収する,八百長をする which that thou knowist, and 始める,決める his centre upon his 高度 の中で thyn almykanteras there the sterre is 設立する. Wayte than which degre of the zodiak touchith the prykke of the 高度 of the mone, and tak there the degre in which the mone stondith. This conclusioun is verrey soth, yf the sterres in thin Astrelabie stonden after the trouthe. Comoun tretes of the Astrelabie ne maken 非,不,無 excepcioun whether the mone have latitude or noon, ne on wheyther syde of the mone the 高度 of the sterre 直す/買収する,八百長をする be taken.

And nota that yf the mone shewe a himself by light of day, than maist thou worche this same conclusioun by the sonne, as wel as by the 直す/買収する,八百長をする sterre.

35. This is the worchynge of the conclusioun to knowe yf that eny 惑星 be direct or retrograd.

Tak the 高度 of any sterre that is clepid a 惑星, and 公式文書,認める it wel; and tak eke anon the 高度 of any sterre 直す/買収する,八百長をする that thou knowist, and 公式文書,認める it wel also. Com than ageyn the thridde or the fourthe nyght next folewing, for than shalt thou perceyve wel the moeving of a 惑星, whether so he moeve 今後 or bakward. Awayte wel than whan that thy sterre 直す/買収する,八百長をする is in the same 高度 that she was whan thou toke hir firste 高度. And tak than eft-sones the 高度 of the forseide 惑星 and 公式文書,認める it wel; for 信用 wel yf so be that the 惑星 be on the 権利 syde of the meridional lyne, so that his secunde 高度 be lasse than hys first 高度 was, than is the 惑星 direct; and yf he be on the west syde in that condicioun, than is he retrograd. And yf so be that this 惑星 be upon the est 味方する whan his 高度 is ytaken, so that his secunde 高度 be more than his first 高度, than is he retrograd. And if he be on the west syde, than is he direct. But the contrarie of these parties is of the cours of the mone; for certis the mone moeveth the contrarie from othre 惑星s as in hir epicicle, but in noon othir manere.

36. The conclusioun of equaciouns of houses after the Astrelabie.

始める,決める the begynnyng of the degre that ascendith upon the ende of the 8 houre inequal; than wol the begynnyng of the 2 hous sitte upon the lyne of mydnight. Remeve than the degre that ascendith, and 始める,決める him on the ende of the 10 houre inequal, and than wol the begynnyng of the 3 hous sitte up on the mydnight lyne. Bring up ageyn the same degre that 上がるd first, and 始める,決める him upon the est orisonte, and than wol the begynnyng of the 4 hous sitte upon the lyne of mydnight. Tak than the nader of the degre that first ascendid, and 始める,決める him in the ende of the 2 houre inequal; and than wol the begynnyng of the 5 hous sitte upon the Iyne of mydnight. 始める,決める than the nader of the ascendent in the ende of the 4 houre inequal, and than wol the begynnyng of the 6 hous sitte on the mydnight lyne. The begynnyng of the 7 hous is nader of the ascendent, and the begynnyng of the 8 hous is nader of the 2 hous, and the begynnyng of the 9 hous is nader of the 3, and the begynnyng of the 10 hous is nader of the 4, and the begynnyng of the 11 hous is nader of the 5, and the begynnyng of the 12 hous is nader of the 6.

37. Another maner of equaciouns of houses by the Astrelabie.

Tak thin ascendent, and than hast thou thy 4 angles; for wel thou wost that the opposit of thin ascendent, that is to seyn, the begynnyng of the 7 hous, sitt upon the west orisonte, and the begynnyng of the hous sitt upon the lyne meridional, and his opposyt upon the lyne of mydnight. Than ley thy label over the degre that ascendith, and rekne fro the point of thy label alle the degrees in the bordure tyl thou come to the meridional lyne; and 出発/死 alle thilke degrees in 3 evene parties, and take there the evene equacions of 3 houses; for ley thy label over everich of these 3 parties, and than maist thou se by thy label, lith in the zodiak, the begynnyng of everich of these same houses fro the ascendent; that is to seyn the begynnyng of the 12 hous next above thin ascendent, the begynnyng of the 11 hous, and than the 10 upon the meridional lyne, as I first seide. The same wise worch thou fro the ascendent doun to the lyne of mydnyght, and thus hast thou othre 3 houses; that is to seyn, the begynnyng of the 2, and the 3, and the 4 hous. Than is the nader of these 3 houses the begynnyng of the 3 houses that folewen.

38. To fynde the lyne meridional to dwelle 直す/買収する,八百長をする in eny certeyn place.

Tak a 一連の会議、交渉/完成する plate of metal; for werpyng, the brodder the better; and make there upon a just compas a lite within the bordure. And ley this 一連の会議、交渉/完成する plate upon an evene ground, or on an evene ston, or on an evene stok 直す/買収する,八百長をする in the ground; and ley it evene by a level. And in the centre of the compas styke an evene pyn, or a wyr, upright, the smaller the better; 始める,決める thy pyn by a plom-支配する evene upright, and let this pyn be no lenger than a 4半期/4分の1 of the dyametre of thy compas, fro the centre amiddes. And wayte bisely aboute 10 or 11 of the clokke, whan the sonne shineth, whan the shadewe of the pyn entrith enythyng within the cercle of thy compas an heer-mele- and 示す there a pricke with 署名/調印する. Abid than stille waityng on the sonne til after 1 of the clokke, til that the shadwe of the wyr, or of the pyn, passe enything out of the cercle of the compas, be it nevere so lyte, and 始める,決める there another pricke of ynke. Tak than a compas, and mesure evene the myddel bitwixe bothe prickes, and 始める,決める there a prikke. Tak me than a 支配する and draw a strike evene a-lyne, fro the pyn unto the middel prikke- and tak there thi lyne mer est than doth that othir town, 信用 wel that thilke townes han diverse meridians. Nota also that the arch of the equinoxial that is contened or bownded bitwixe the 2 meridians is clepid the longitude of the toun. And yf so be that two townes have ilike meridian or oon meridian, than is the distaunce of hem both ilike fer fro the est, and the contrarie; and in this manere thei change not her meridian. But sothly thei chaungen her almykanteras, for the enhaunsyng of the pool and the distance of the sonne.

The longitude of a climat is a lyne ymagined fro est to west ilike distant fro the equinoxiall. And the latitude of a climat may be cleped the space of the erthe fro the begynnyng of the first clymat unto the verrey ende of the same clymat evene direct ageyns the pool artyke. Thus sayn somme auctours; and somme of hem sayn that yf men clepe the latitude of a cuntrey the arch meridian that is contened or 迎撃する bitwix the cenyth and the equinoxial, than say they that the distance fro the equinoxial unto the ende of a climat evene ageynst the pool artik is the latitude of a clymat forsoothe.

40. To knowe with which degre of the zodiak that eny 惑星 ascendith on the orisonte, whether so that his latitude be north or south.

Know by thin almenak the degre of the ecliptik of eny 調印する in which that the 惑星 is rekned for to be, and that is clepid the degre of his longitude. And know also the degre of his latitude fro the ecliptik north or south. And by these ensamples folewynge in speciall maist thou worche forsothe in every 調印する of the zodiak: -

The degree of the longitude per-aventure of Venus or of another 惑星 was 6 of Capricorne, and the latitude of hir was northward 2 degrees fro the ecliptik lyne. Than tok I a subtil compas and clepid that oo point of my compas . and that other point F. Than tok I the point of A and sette it in the ecliptik ]yne in my zodiak in the degre of the longitu(lc of Venus, that is to seyn, in the 6 degre of Capricorne; and than sette I the point of F 上向き in the same 調印する by 原因(となる) that latitude was north upon the latitude of Venus, that is to seyn, in the 6 degre fro the heved of Capricorne; and thus have I 2 degrees bitwixe my two prickes. Than leide I 負かす/撃墜する softly my compas, and sette the degre of the longitude upon the orisonte; tho tok I and waxed my label in manere of a peire (米)棚上げする/(英)提議するs to receyve distinctly the prickes of my compas. Tho tok I thys forseide label, and leyde it 直す/買収する,八百長をする over the degre of my longitude; tho tok I up my compas and sette the point of A in the wax on my label, as evene as I koude gesse, over the ecliptik lyne in the ende of the longitude, and sette the point of F endelong in my label upon the space of the latitude, inward and over the zodiak, that is to seyn northward fro the ecliptik. Than leide I doun my compas, and loked wel in the wey upon the prickes of A and of F; tho turned I my ryet til that the pricke of F satt upon the orisonte; than saw I wel that the 団体/死体 of Venus in hir latitude of 2 degrees septemtrionals ascendid, in the ende of the 6 degre, in the heved of Capricorne.

And nota that in this manere maist thou worche with any latitude septem- trional in alle 調印するs. But sothly the latitude meridional of a 惑星 in Capricorne ne may not be take by 原因(となる) of the litel space bitwixe the ecliptyk and the bordure of the Astrelabie; but sothely in all othre 調印するs it may.

2 pars hujus conclusio.

Also the degre peraventure of Jupiter, or of another 惑星, was in the first degre of Piscis in longitude, and his latitude was 2 degrees meridional; tho tok I the point of A and sette it in the first degre of Piscis on the ecliptik; and than sette I the point of F dounward in the same 調印する by 原因(となる) that the latitude was south 2 degres, that is to seyn, fro the heved of Piscis; and thus have 2 degres bitwexe bothe 66 prikkes. Than sette I the degre of the longitude upon the orisonte; tho tok I my label, and leide it 直す/買収する,八百長をする upon the degre of the longitude; tho sette I the point of A on my label evene over the ecliptik lyne in the ende of the degre of the longitude, and sette the point of F endlong in my label the space of 2 degres of the latitude outward fro the zodiak (this is to seyn southward fro the ecliptik toward the bor- dure), and turned my riet til that the pricke of F saat upon the orisonte. Than say I wel that the 団体/死体 of Jupiter in his latitude of 2 degres meridional ascendid with 8 degres of Piscis in horoscopo. And in this manere maist thou worche with any latitude meridional, as I first seide, save in Capricorne. And yf thou wilt pleye this (手先の)技術 with the arisyng of the mone, loke thou rekne wel hir cours houre off by houre, for she ne dwellith not in a degre of hir longitude but litel while, as thow wel knowist. But natheles yf thou rekne hir verrey moevyng by thy (米)棚上げする/(英)提議するs houre after houre, [thou shalt do wel ynow].

補足の Propositions

41. Umbra Recta.

Yif it so be that thou wilt werke by umbra recta, and thou may come to the bas of the 小旅行する, in this maner thou shalt werke. Tak the 高度 of the 小旅行する by bothe 穴を開けるs, so that thy rewle ligge even in a poynt. Ensample as thus: I see him thorw at the poynt of 4; than mete I the space between me and the 小旅行する, and I finde it 20 feet; than beholde I how 4 is to 12, 権利 so is the space betwixe thee and the 小旅行する to the 高度 of the 小旅行する. For 4 is the thridde part of 12, so is the space between thee and the 小旅行する the thridde part of the 高度 of the 小旅行する; than thryes 20 feet is the heyghte of the 小旅行する, with 追加するing of thyn owne persone to thyn 注目する,もくろむ. And this rewle is so general in umbra recta, fro the poynt of oon to 12. And yif thy rewle 落ちる upon 5, than is 5 12-partyes of the heyght the space between thee and the 小旅行する; with 追加するing of thyn owne heyghte.

42. Umbra Versa.

Another maner of werkinge, by umbra versa. Yif so be that thou may nat come to the bas of the 小旅行する, I see him thorw the nombre of 1; I sette ther a prikke at my fot; than go I neer to the 小旅行する, and I see him thorw at the poynt of 2, and there I sette another prikke; and I beholde how 1 hath him to 12, and ther finde I that it hath him twelfe sythes; than beholde I how 2 hath him to 12, and thou shalt finde it sexe sythes;than thoushaltfinde that as 12 above 6 is the numbre of 6, 権利 so is the space between thy two prikkes the space of 6 tymes thyn 高度. And 公式文書,認める, that at the ferste 高度 of 1, thou settest a prikke; and afterward, whan thou seest him at 2, ther thou settest another prikke; than thou findest between two prikkys 60 feet; than thou shalt finde that 10 is the 6-party of 60. And then is 10 feet the 高度 of the 小旅行する. For other poyntis, yif it fille in umbra versa, as thus: I sette caas it fill upon 2, and at the secunde upon 3; than schalt thou finde that 2 is 6 partyes of 12; and 3 is 4 partyes of 12; than passeth 6 4, by nombre of 2; so is the space between two prikkes twyes the heyghte of the 小旅行する. And yif the differens were thryes, than shulde it be three tymes; and thus mayst thou werke fro 2 to 12; and yif it be 4, 4 tymes; or 5, 5 tymes; et sic de ceteris.

43. Umbra Recta.

Another maner of wyrking, by umbra recta. Yif it so be that thou mayst nat come to the baas of the 小旅行する, in this maner thou schalt werke. 始める,決める thy rewle upon 1 till thou see the 高度, and 始める,決める at thy foot a prikke. Than 始める,決める thy rewle upon 2, and behold what is the differense between 1 and 2, and thou shalt finde that it is 1. Than mete the space between two prikkes, and that is the 12 partie of the 高度 of the 小旅行する. And yif ther were 2, it were the 6 partye; and yif ther were 3, the 4 partye; et sic deinceps. And 公式文書,認める, yif it were 5, it were the 5 party of 12; and 7, 7 party of 12; and 公式文書,認める, at the 高度 of thy onclusioun, 追加する the stature of thyn heyghte to thyn 注目する,もくろむ.

* * * * * * *

44. Another maner 結論, to knowe the mene mote and the argumentis of any 惑星. To know the mene mote and the argumentis of every 惑星 fro yere to yere, from day to day, from houre to houre, and from smale fraccionis infinite.

In this maner shalt thou worche; consider thy rote first, the whiche is made the beginning of the (米)棚上げする/(英)提議するs fro the yer of oure Lord 1397, and enter 攻撃する,衝突する into thy 予定する for the laste meridie of December- and than consider the yer of oure Lord, what is the date, and behold whether thy date be more or lasse than the yer 1397. And yf 攻撃する,衝突する so be that 攻撃する,衝突する be more, loke how many yeres 攻撃する,衝突する passeth, and with so many enter into thy (米)棚上げする/(英)提議するs in the first Iyne theras is writen anni collecti et expansi. And loke where the same 惑星 is writen in the hed of thy (米)棚上げする/(英)提議する, and than loke what thou findest in direct of the same yer of oure Lord which is passid, be 攻撃する,衝突する 8, or 9, or 10, or what nombre that evere it be, til the tyme that thou come to 20, or 40, or 60. And that thou findest in direct wryt in thy 予定する under thy rote, and 追加する 攻撃する,衝突する togeder, and that is thy mene mote, for the laste meridian of the December, for the same yer which that thou hast 目的d. And if 攻撃する,衝突する so be that 攻撃する,衝突する passe 20, consider wel that fro 1 to 20 ben anni expansi, and fro 20 to 3000 ben anni collecti; and if thy nomber passe 20, than tak that thou findest in direct of 20, and if 攻撃する,衝突する be more, as 6 or 18, than tak that thou findest in direct thereof, that is to sayen, 調印するs, degrees, minutes, and secoundes, and 追加する togedere unto thy rote; and thus to make rotes. And 公式文書,認める that if 攻撃する,衝突する so be that the yer of oure Lord be lasse than the rote, which is the yer of oure Lord 1397, than shalt thou wryte in the same wyse furst thy rote in thy 予定する, and after enter into thy (米)棚上げする/(英)提議する in the same yer that be lasse, as I taught before; and than consider how many 調印するs, degrees, minutes, and secoundes thyn entringe conteyneth. And so be that thebe 2 entrees, than 追加する hem togeder, anafter 身を引く hem from the rote, the yer of oure Lord 1397; and the residue that leveth is thy mene mote for the laste meridie of December, the whiche thou hast 目的d; and if 攻撃する,衝突する so be that thou wolt weten thy mene mote for any day, or for any fraccioun of day, in t his maner thou shalt worche. Make thy rote fro the laste day of December in the maner as I have taught, and afterward behold how many monethes, dayes, and houres ben passid from the meridie of December, and with that enter with the laste moneth that is ful passed, and take that thou findest in direct of him, and wryt 攻撃する,衝突する in thy 予定する; and enter with as mony dayes as be more, and wryt that thou findest in direct of the same 惑星 that thou worchest for; and in the same wyse in the (米)棚上げする/(英)提議する of houres, for houres that ben passed, and 追加する alle these to thy rote; and the residue is the mene mote for the same day and the same houre.

45. Another manere to knowe the mene mote.

Whan thou wolt make the mene mote of eny 惑星 to be by Arsechieles (米)棚上げする/(英)提議するs tak thy rote, the whiche is for the yer of oure Lord 1397; and if so be that thy yer be passid the date, wryt that date, and than wryt the nomber of the yeres. Than 身を引く the yeres out of the yeres that ben passed that rote. Ensampul as thus: the yer of oure Lord 1400, I wolde witen, 正確な, my rote; than wroot I furst 1400. And under that nomber I wrot a 1397; than withdrow I the laste nomber out of that, and than fond I the residue was 3 yer; I wiste that 3 yer was passed fro the rote, the whiche was writen in my (米)棚上げする/(英)提議するs. Than afterward soghte I in my (米)棚上げする/(英)提議するs the annis collectis et expansis, and の中で myn expanse yeres fond I 3 yeer. Than tok I alle the 調印するs, degrees, and minutes, that I fond direct under the same 惑星 that I wroghte for, and wroot so many 調印するs, degrees, and minutes in my 予定する, and afterward 追加するd I to 調印するs, degrees, minutes, and secoundes, the whiche I fond in my rote the yer of oure Lord 1397; and kepte the residue; and than had I the mene mote for the laste day of December. And if thou woldest wete the mene mote of any 惑星 in March April, or May, other in any other tyme or moneth of the yer, loke how many monethes and dayes ben passed from the laste day of December, the yer of oure Lord 1400; and so with monethes and dayes enter into thy (米)棚上げする/(英)提議する ther thou findest thy mene mote ywriten in monethes and dayes, and tak alle the 調印するs, degrees, minutes, and secoundes that thou findest ywrite in direct of thy monethes, and 追加する to 調印するs, degrees, minutes, and secoundes that thou findest with thy rote the yer of oure Lord 1400, and the residue that leveth is the mene mote for that same day. And 公式文書,認める, if 攻撃する,衝突する so be that thou woldest wete the mene mote in any yer that is lasse than thy rote, 身を引く the nomber of so many yeres as 攻撃する,衝突する is lasse than the yer of oure Lord a 1397, and kep the residue; and so many yeres, monethes, and dayes enter into thy tabels of thy mene mote. And tak alle the 調印するs , degrees, and minutes, and secoundes, that thou findest in direct of alle the yeres, monethes, and dayes, and wryt hem in thy 予定する; and above thilke nomber wryt the 調印するs, degrees, minutes and secoundes, the whiche thou findest with thy rote the yer of oure Lord a 1397; and 身を引く alle the nethere 調印するs and degrees fro the 調印するs and de- grees, minutes, and secoundes of other 調印するs with thy rote; and thy residue that leveth is thy mene mote for that day.

46. For to knowe at what houre of the day or of the night, shal be flod or ebbe.

First wite thou certeinly, how that 港/避難所 stondeth, that thou 名簿(に載せる)/表(にあげる) to werke for; that is to say in which place of the firmament the mone 存在, maketh 十分な see. Than awayte thou redily in what degree of the zodiak that the mone at that tyme is inne. Bring furth than the label, and 始める,決める the point therof in that same cost that the mone maketh flod, and 始める,決める thou there the degree of the mone (許可,名誉などを)与えるing with the egge of the label. Than afterward awayte where is than the degree of the sonne, at that tyme. Remeve thou than tlle label fro the mone, and bring and 始める,決める it 正確に,正当に upon the degree of the sonne. And the point of the label shal than 宣言する to thee, at what houre of the day or of the night shal be flod. And there also maist thou wite by the same point of the label, whether it be, at that same tyme, flod or ebbe, or half flod, or 4半期/4分の1 flod, or ebbe, or half or 4半期/4分の1 ebbe; or ellis at what houre it was last, or shal be next by night or by day, thou than shalt esely knowe, &c. その上に, if it so be that thou happe to worke for this matere aboute the tyme of the conjunccioun, bring furth the degree of the mone with the label to that coste as it is before seyd. But than thou shalt under- stonde that thou may not bringe furth the label fro the degree of the mone as thou dide before; for-why the sonne is than in the same degree with the mone. And so thou may at that tyme by the point of the label unremeved knowe the houre of the flod or of the ebbe, as it is before seyd, &c. And evermore as thou findest the mone passe fro the sonne, so remeve thou the label than fro the degree of the mone, and bring it to the degree of the sonne. And work thou than as thou dide before, &c. Or elles know thou what houre it is that thou art inne, by thyn 器具. Than bring thou furth fro thennes the label and ley it upon the degree of the mone, and therby may thou wite also whan it was flod, or whan it wol be next, be it night or day; &c.

[End]


公式文書,認める: Geoffrey Chaucer lived appr. 1340-1400. "A Treatise on the Astrolabe" was once believed to have been written for a son of Chaucer's. "Lyte Lowys" (Little 吊りくさび) is, however, 推定では the son of a friend, 吊りくさび Clifford. The boy probably died in 1391, which might explain why this work is unfinished. The text is the oldest known "technical 手動式の" in the English language, and it was 収集するd from different foreign sources. The beginning is, however, Chaucer's very own. This 見解/翻訳/版 is the F. N. Robinson 版.
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